
解:有理數:3.14,-53,0.58··,-0.125,0.35,227;無理數:-5π,5.3131131113…(相鄰兩個3之間1的個數逐次加1).方法總結:有理數與無理數的主要區(qū)別.(1)無理數是無限不循環(huán)小數,而有理數可以用有限小數或無限循環(huán)小數表示.(2)任何一個有理數都可以化為分數形式,而無理數則不能.探究點二:借助計算器用“夾逼法”求無理數的近似值正數x滿足x2=17,則x精確到十分位的值是________.解析:已知x2=17,所以417,所以4.117,所以4.120)中的正數x各位上的數字的方法:(1)估計x的整數部分,看它在哪兩個連續(xù)整數之間,較小數即為整數部分;(2)確定x的十分位上的數,同樣尋找它在哪兩個連續(xù)整數之間;(3)按照上述方法可以依次確定x的百分位、千分位、…上的數,從而確定x的值.

探究點三:函數的圖象洗衣機在洗滌衣服時,每漿洗一遍都經歷了注水、清洗、排水三個連續(xù)過程(工作前洗衣機內無水).在這三個過程中,洗衣機內的水量y(升)與漿洗一遍的時間x(分)之間函數關系的圖象大致為()解析:∵洗衣機工作前洗衣機內無水,∴A,B兩選項不正確,淘汰;又∵洗衣機最后排完水,∴D選項不正確,淘汰,所以選項C正確,故選C.方法總結:本題考查了對函數圖象的理解能力,看函數圖象要理解兩個變量的變化情況.三、板書設計函數定義:自變量、因變量、常量函數的關系式三種表示方法函數值函數的圖象在教學過程中,注意通過對以前學過的“變量之間的關系”的回顧與思考,力求提供生動有趣的問題情境,激發(fā)學生的學習興趣,并通過層層深入的問題設計,引導學生進行觀察、操作、交流、歸納等數學活動.在活動中歸納、概括出函數的概念,并通過師生交流、生生交流、辨析識別等加深學生對函數概念的理解.

(4)學校買10套課桌用500元,已知桌子的單價是凳子的4倍,每張桌子多少元?三、作業(yè)。第四課時課題:可能性和編碼復習目標:1、認識簡單的可能性事件。2、會求簡單事件發(fā)生的可能性,并用分數表示。3、通過日常生活中的一些事例,使學生初步體會數字編碼思想在解決實際問題中的應用。4、讓學生學會運用數進行編碼,初步培養(yǎng)學生的抽象、概括能力。一、基本練習。1、盒子中有紅、白、黃、綠四種顏色的球各一個,只取一次,拿出紅色球的可能性是多少?白色呢?2、商場促銷,將獎品放置于1到10號的罐子里,幸運顧客有一次猜獎機會,一位顧客猜中得獎的可能性是多少?3、盒子中有紅色球8個,藍色球10個,取一次,取出紅色球的可能性大還是藍色球?4、說出下面各組數據的中位數。

教學內容:課本P104、108頁。教學目標:1、通過復習使學生加深了解統(tǒng)計的意義。2、鞏固學生對條形統(tǒng)計圖的認知,明確用1格表示2個單位的表現(xiàn)形式,能根據統(tǒng)計圖提出問題。3、在學習過程中培養(yǎng)學生的實踐能力與合作意識。教學重點、難點:1、在復習中進一步了解統(tǒng)計的意義,加深對條形統(tǒng)計圖的認識。2、能根據條形統(tǒng)計圖的條件提出數學問題。教學過程:一、復習統(tǒng)計1、觀察討論(1)、教師出示條形統(tǒng)計圖:這張圖叫什么名字?它有什么作用?仔細觀察統(tǒng)計圖你有哪些發(fā)現(xiàn)?(2)、學生觀察討論,思考,依據自己的體驗回答。仔細觀察統(tǒng)計圖,在小組內交流自己的發(fā)現(xiàn)。(3)、組織全班匯報交流,梳理統(tǒng)計圖信息。2、回答問題根據條形統(tǒng)計圖上的信息,你能回答下列問題嗎?1)、最受二年級同學歡迎的飲料是什么?你是怎么看出來的?2)、喜歡哪兩種飲料的人數同樣多?你是怎么知道的?

3. 同學們,我們再從表達方式方面去考慮一下。教師指正:寫景、抒情、議論相結合。這是一首雄壯的抒情詞作。上闋寫景,氣勢磅礴、氣象雄渾,而又寓情于景,句句洋溢著熱愛祖國河山的豪情。下闋議論,由評論歷史人物轉到歌頌當代無產階級英雄,抒發(fā)作者的豪情壯志。全詞熔寫景、議論和抒情于一爐,使主題鮮明突出,表現(xiàn)出強烈的藝術效果。五、 課堂檢測,當堂反饋要求學生當堂做完下列題目,師生再共同訂正,看看還有哪些知識沒有掌握,教師及時要求學生鞏固。六、知識遷移,拓展延伸1. 請同學們下面讀一下柳宗元的《江雪》,回答后面的問題。教師:唐代著名文學家柳宗元寫過的這首《江雪》,言簡意深。請同學們思考分析,這首詩與《沁園春·雪》在感情基調上有什么不同?是什么原因造成的? 教師指正:柳宗元因參加革新運動失敗而遭貶,他的政治思想和遠大抱負不能實現(xiàn),內心的苦惱與憤懣反映在詩中,就是那個卓爾不群、孤芳自賞、“獨釣寒江雪”的“蓑笠翁”。而毛澤東的詞作大氣磅礴,格調高亢,充滿了熱愛祖國河山、以天下為己任的豪情壯志。這種差別,主要是由于作者所處的時代、境遇,特別是胸懷的闊狹造成的。

初讀課文,學習字詞?! ?.提出讀書要求:默讀課文,一邊讀一邊畫出不認識的字和不理解的詞,并借助詞典等學習工具書理解?! ?.教師檢查學生學習情況?! 。?)檢查生字讀音?! ⌒∏穑?qiū)渲染(xuàn )迂回( yū)蒙古包( měng ) 襟飄帶舞( jīn )鄂溫克(è) (2)指導易混淆的字?! 敖蟆笔亲笥医Y構,左邊是“衤”,與衣服有關,表示衣服胸前的部分?! 皾笔亲笥医Y構,右邊下面是“止”,不能寫成“上”?! 吧选毕旅媸恰耙隆?,與衣服有關?! 拔ⅰ保褐虚g部分不能少一橫。 ?。?)理解較難的詞語?! 、俾?lián)系上下文理解詞語。 草原上行車十分灑脫,只要方向不錯,怎么走都可以?! 盀⒚摗钡囊馑际牵簽t灑自然,不拘束。這個詞語反映了草原的廣闊無邊?! 、诶斫狻敖箫h帶舞”一詞的意思,可以出示蒙古族鮮艷的服裝來分析,意思是:衣襟和裙帶隨風舞動?! 、邸按渖鳌币辉~可以從難字入手理解,比如“欲”在這里表示“將要”的意思,“翠色欲流”就是綠得太濃了,將要流下來,寫出了草原的綠,是充滿生命力的?! 、芏鯗乜耍何覈贁得褡逯?,聚居在內蒙古自治區(qū)的東北部。

(1)聽一遍范唱錄音?! ?2)討論歌曲的歌詞表現(xiàn)的是什么內容?(師生共同討論)第一部分實際上只有兩句歌詞:“請把我的歌帶回你的家,請把你的微笑留下”,歌聲與微笑架起了友誼的橋梁。第二部分是引申,描繪了“友誼花開遍地香”的情景。這首歌雖然短小,意義卻不小。

一、知識和能力目標本單元要求學生掌握英文字母A—H,能認讀其印刷體和手寫體字母的大小寫等四種形式。書寫(大寫和小寫,筆順,筆畫)基本合乎要求。能看,聽,說本單元所列的日常交際用語,重點學會打招呼,并做到語音語調正確。注意一些字母及日常交際用語的發(fā)音,提醒學生不要將C/si:/發(fā)成/sei:/; ?/發(fā)成/e?/,也不要將Good?H /e /等。??????'????說成/???????'???morning/二、過程和方法目標教師要盡量用英語組織教學。充分利用課堂的40分鐘,不講或少講漢語,盡量給學生創(chuàng)造英語情景。教師可以用手勢,表情,動作等示意,幫助學生聽懂課堂用語和日常交際用語,第一次介紹某個用語時,說英語,加譯文及手勢,以后可酌情省去譯文,最后只說英語,逐步讓學生聽懂。

T: Please look at the pictures and learn the new words.(用多媒體展示新單詞效果較好。)1.at prep. 在(里面或附近);在(點刻);2.theart.表示特指的人、物、事或群體 3.lostadj.丟失的;遺失的4.Found adj. (find的過去式、過去分詞)找回的5.lost and found 失物招領6.please adv.請7.school n. 學校8.a set of一套;一副(Teach students to read the words.)2. Practice the new words. (事先錄制一段短的聽力,讓學生通過聽的訓練來強化所學的新單詞,并為學習寫尋物啟示和失物招領作好準備。)T: Please listen to a short passage twice then fill the blanks using the words we learned.(Show students a short passage and play the recording for the students to listen.)There are many things in (1)_____________________in my (2)__________. Look, here’s (3)_________keys. Is this yours? (4)__________call Jim (5)___________753-2289.Typescript:There are many things in the Lost and Found in my school. Look, here’s a set of keys. Is this yours? Please call Jim at 753-2289.

(Play the recording twice again.) (Check the answer.) ③Pairwork. Draw your own picture and talk about it. T: We find out the picture of Lin Hai’s family. Can you draw a picture of your family? SS: … T: OK. When you finish drawing, tell your partner about your picture. You can use “This is …” and “ These are …” to talk about. Then report it to the class. (Students work.) (Check students’ work. Ask two or three students to report.) Step Three: Task. Talk about the family tree. T: Look at the family tree. I think it’s a big family. You can do it in groups of four or three. You can do it in pairs or only by yourself. Then report it to the class. (Students work. Teacher walks around in the classroom and helps the students.) T: Stop here. Let’s check it out. (Choose students to do it.) S1: Look at my family tree. This is my… This is my … They have two … This is my … This is my …This is my …This is my. My parents have two children. This is…This is my …My uncle and my aunt have a son. He is my … (Ask two more students to do it.) Homework. Write a passage about your family.

一、知識和能力目標通過本單元教學,使學生能運用所學英語,正確地描述物體的顏色;同時進一步學習分辨人物的用語,并加以運用。二、過程和方法目標本單元口語訓練應當自始至終在一種鮮明的色彩背景下進行,旨在營造那種為學生所喜愛的歡快氣氛,教師應當在十種顏色上大做文章;在使用實物時要使顏色醒目;在組合圖畫時,要盡量用大色塊;在使用投影時要使顏色突出來。教師可以從教室環(huán)境上入手營造色彩氣氛,如:選取十種顏色的硬色板,剪成各個大寫字母;或者將色板剪成各種卡通動物形象,懸掛在教室當中或在墻上,注明各種顏色的英語字塊。三、情感態(tài)度和價值觀目標用各種可以調動學生積極性的活動來提高學生的活躍性,激發(fā)他們參與討論的熱情。同時可以對學生進行美育教育,從小培養(yǎng)他們對美的正確認識。

本單元主要學習名詞所有格 ('s 所有格 ) 的構成和使用。在初次接觸 “ 名詞所有格 ” 時,學生較難理解的可能是 “ 所有格 ” 這個名稱,對于它的構成,學生也許會覺得較容易。教師可通俗地告訴學生 “ 所有格 ” 的意思是表示 “…… 的 ” ,這樣學生反而容易接受。在使用 “ 名詞所有格 ” 形式時,學生容易犯錯誤或混淆的主要是:將這種一 's 構成形式與 is 的縮寫形式混淆,如: My father's name's Jin Zhi .,可以這樣告訴學生:名詞所有格的后面一般應接名詞;勿將這種一 's 結構盲目套用與人稱代詞上,代替物主代詞使用,如 He's father's name is Li Cheng 。在教學初期,可不講授名詞所有格的其它形式,待時機成熟,再向學生介紹復數名詞所有格形式的結構一 ' ,如: the students' bikes 。 Self Check 教學內容 Self Check( 教材 P52) 教學目標 知識與能力 復習詞匯 birthday , date , month , January , February , March , April , May , June , July , August , September , October , November , December , date , birth , age , old , speech . contest . trip , party , event , an , festival , pop , concert , chorus , lecture , music ;引導學生復習、鞏固“詢問和談論日期”的目標語言并運用所學知識安排活動。

教師: 搜集單詞卡片、背景資料。 學生:彩筆、大白紙、相關新單詞。 教學設計 Step One: Learn the new words. 1.Present the new words. (Show some pictures and words on the screen to teach the students the new words.) T: What’s this? S1: It’s a room. T: Do you have a room like this? S2: Yes, I do./ No, I don’t. T: Read after me. R-O-O-M, room. Ss: R-O-O-M, room. (Teach the other words “TV, desk, picture” in the same way.) T: There are some words here. Read the words after me and spell them. (Learn the other words without pictures on the cards.) T: This is a word. Can you spell this word? (Point to a word in the card.) S1: Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. (Let them know the meaning of “can”.) T: I can spell your name. Can you spell my name? S1: Yes, I can. T: Can you write your name? S: Sorry, I can’t. I have no pen. T: You need a pen.( Give him a pen.) ( Let the students understand the word “need”.) T: I bring a football to school every day. Now it is on the floor. After class I take it to my home. (Teach “bring” and “take”. Put a football on the floor and point to the floor to teach the word “floor”.) 2.Practice the words. (Give the examples to the students and get the students to understand the new words.) Step To Listen and practice.

教學目標 ⑴知識目標:A、學會詢問對方喜歡與不喜歡的食物; B、學習并激情 些食物的詞匯; C、學會談論自己與他人早、中、晚 餐喜愛吃的食物; D、學會營養(yǎng)配。 ⑵能力目標:A、能準備表達喜歡和不喜歡的食物; B、能根據具體情景對話,與他人溝通信息,合作完成任務; C、通過聽、說、讀、寫四項技能的訓練,促進學生語言運用能力的提高。⑶情感目標:A、通過學習西文食品文化,促使學生了解西方生活方式與文化,培養(yǎng)跨 文化交際的意識; B、通過開展小組活動,指導學生積極與他人合作,培養(yǎng)他們的合作精神; C、通過任務型活動,使學生學會在實際生活中均衡飲食,合理配餐。 教學重點、難點 重點:A動詞like一般現(xiàn)在時的各種句式及一般疑問句的肯定、否定回答; B關于各種食物的詞匯; C名詞復數的使用。 難點:一般現(xiàn)在時中單數第三人稱的變化形式。

2、互動交流,探究規(guī)律。 (1)、小組內交流討論: 讓每個同學說出自己的發(fā)現(xiàn),說說自己的猜想,并討論郵政編碼中的數字是怎樣編排的。(師巡視,隨機參與討論。) (2)、全班展示交流: 師:那個小組愿意先來展示一下你們的探究結果? 生1:我們發(fā)現(xiàn)郵政編碼都是由6個數字組成的?!?生2:我們發(fā)現(xiàn)前兩位數字表示省,如…… 生3:同一個省、市的郵政編碼前三位數字相同。比如……。 (讓學生充分發(fā)言) 【設計意圖:“自主探索——互動交流——匯報展示”,充分展現(xiàn)學生自主探究的過程,突出了學生的主體地位,培養(yǎng)了學生自主獲取知識的能力和合作交流的意識?!?3、共同優(yōu)化,形成結論。 (1) 教師配合多媒體課件說明郵政編碼的結構和組成: 師:我國郵政編碼的結構與含義采用“四級六位制”。編碼含義:郵政編碼的六位數字分別代表了省、市、郵政、縣市、投遞局四級單位。其中:前二位表示省(自治區(qū)、直轄市);前三位表示郵區(qū);前四位表示縣(市);最后兩位表示投遞局(所)

Step 3 (3b)First, tell the students when we talk about our future plans, we often use: I’m+verb+ing When we talk about what we must do, we use have to. Ask the students to fill in the blanks in 3b. The answers are: shopping, go to see, a test, I’m going, my family. Step 4 (3c)Let the students write an e-mail message to a friend. Say why you can’t visit next. Before the exercise, ask the students to give some possible answers and write them on the blackboard. So the students will feel easy to finish the writing exercise. After they finish it, Let them to correct it in groups first. Each group chooses theirs best one to read in front of the whole class. Step 5 ( planning a party )First read the conversation in the box together. Then ask the students to turn to page 88.Write down everything you have to do next week. Write in all the things you have to do . Ask the students to look at the list. Ask them “What day are you free?” This is when you can have your party. Step 6 (Self check 1 )Let the students to fill in the blanks with the words given. Change the forms of the words if possible. Then make their own sentences. The answers are: visit, playing, have to, study, comeStep 7 (Self check 2)Imagine you are Marie. Read the information and look at your schedule. Write replies to the invitation.

Teaching goals : 1. Words & phrases: babysit ,get back , fishing , rent , think about , decide(on) , tourist etc. 2. How to talk about future plans . 3. 現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來計劃或行動. 4. 特殊疑問句(where , when , how long引導) Important and difficult points : Drills :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m watching TV . When are you going ? I’m going … . How long are you staying ? We’re staying for five days . Teaching aids : cards and a tape ,a large wall calendar . Period 1 Teaching procedures : Step 1Leading in1. Free talk . 2. Put up the wall calendar . T: I’m staying home on Saturday (pointing to next Saturday ).Ss repeat . Ss: I’m staying home on Saturday . T: OK. Today we’ll learn how to talk about future plans. Step 2Pre-task SB Page 13 , 1a . 1. Look at the picture carefully and tell what you see in the picture . 2. Write the activities from the pictures in the box and add some more . 3. Practice reading . Step 3While-task1. Using the activities we write in 1a to make conversations .For example :What are you doing for vacation ? I’m visiting my uncle . 2. Pairwork .Practice in pairs . 3. 用第三人稱練習對話.

She shouldn’t go to the party tonight.Step7. TaskT: You know, there are lots of problems in our life. If you are a doctor, please tell us how to solve the problem. I will divide you into 9 groups. Please work in groups. And then choose one of you to report your ideas.The following are the problems:I have a toothache.I am hungry. I have a sore throat.I am stressed out. I have a sore back.I am tired. I can’t sleep.I have a cold. I have a headache.Report: If you have a headache, you should go to bed early. You should see the doctor. You should eat some medicine. You shouldn’t wash your face with cold water.You shouldn’t sleep late.You shouldn’t swim.…..T encourages the students to give advice as much as possible.Homework:1. Chose one of the problems, and write down your advice2. Copy the new words這一步是用于熱身的,同時也可以讓他們復習一部分的表示人體部位的單詞,擴充知識.學習語言的過程也是一個不斷積累的過程,復習舊知識,增添新知識.通過小游戲,強化學生對Does she/he have…這個句子的運用能力.通過復習,自然的引到下面新知識的學習。充分利用表格,由句子到對話,再到文章,讓學生循序漸進. 提高學生的綜合語言運用能力,運用以前學過的知識來解決身邊的問題.Period 5 (Section B 3a—3c, selfcheck)教學內容與分析:

1. First, ... then, ... next, ... finally, ...首先,……然后,……接著,……最后,……這是英語中表達做某事的步驟的一種說法。如果步驟較多,還可以說:first-next-after that-later on-finally/at last通常你會聽到說英語國家的人在說 first, next, then, finally 和后面的內容時,他們會做一些停頓。這樣就能提前告訴聽者接下來講的是一系列的步驟。這一點在朗讀和聽力中應特別注意。2. how many, how much均為疑問詞,同是“多少”,但用法不同。請看:how many修飾可數名詞復數,how much修飾不可數名詞。但在用法上,同學們常犯如下錯誤:1) [誤] How many are there bananas on the table?[正] How many bananas are there on the table?[析] how many, how much 中的many,much是形容詞,常修飾名詞作定語,故后面跟名詞。2) [誤]How much tea are there on the table?[正]How much tea is there on the table?[析] how much修飾不可數名詞時,謂語動詞用單數。how many與how much的區(qū)別可簡記為:前how many:問“多少”,復數名詞后面跑;how much問“多少”,不可數名詞單數好。前者答語用基數詞,后者答語用數量關系。

“Go for it!” is based on “Task-Based Language Teaching”. It adheres to “The authenticity principle”, “The form-function principle”, “The task dependency principle” and “The principle of learning by doing”. These principles all accord with the demands of curriculum focus.In and of Grade Seven (II), “Go for it!”, students have learned “The Simple Past Tense”. And it appears again in of Grade Eight (I). teaches students more about how to talk about events in the past. In addition, it gives affirmative and negative statements in the past tense, such as the sentence patterns “Did you see …?” “Were there …?” “Did you go …?” As the first part of Unit 8, Section A opens with a picture presenting the last school trip in the aquarium and continues with several step-by-step practice activities, which are all good for students to master “The Simple Past Tense”. Doing well in Section A will help students integrate the new target language with that in Section B. Thus, they can describe the events in the past freely and foster their own ability of reflecting and practicing. II. Teaching ObjectivesTeaching objective is the beginning and aim of teaching activities. According to the overall goal of the English elementary course--- improve students' synthetic ability of language application, which should be based on the development of students’ “Language knowledge”, “Language skills”, “Character building”, “Learning strategies” and “Cross-cultural awareness”. The teaching objectives are described as follows(I). Knowledge objectivesi. Master the simple past tense of regular and irregular verbsii. Recite the new words and expressions about the last school trip in the aquarium, including their pronunciation and intonation
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