
我認(rèn)識圣陶先生是在成都,1941年春天的一個細(xì)雨蒙蒙的上午。那時候我在華西大學(xué)中國文化研究所工作,圣陶先生在四川省教育科學(xué)館工作。教育科學(xué)館計劃出一套供中學(xué)語文教師用的參考書。其中有一本《精讀指導(dǎo)舉隅》和一本《略讀指導(dǎo)舉隅》,是由圣陶先生和朱佩弦先生合作編寫的。計劃里邊還有一本講文法的書,圣陶先生從顧頡剛先生那里知道我曾經(jīng)在云南大學(xué)教過這門課,就來征求我的意見,能否答應(yīng)寫這樣一本書。我第一次見到圣陶先生,跟我想象中的“文學(xué)家”的形象全不一樣:一件舊棉袍,一把油紙雨傘,說話慢言細(xì)語,像一位老塾師。他說明來意之后,我答應(yīng)試試看。又隨便談了幾句關(guān)于語文教學(xué)的話,他就回去了。那時候圣陶先生從樂山搬來成都不久,住家和辦公都在郊外。過了幾天,他讓人送來一套正中書局的國文課本,供我寫書取用例句。

師:(出示瀑布圖片)同學(xué)們,望著眼前的瀑布,我不禁想到了唐代大詩人李白的著名詩句:飛流直下三千尺,疑是銀河落九天。自然界的瀑布真是氣勢恢宏。今天我們將要欣賞另外一種瀑布,那就是花的瀑布。(出示紫藤蘿圖片,兩圖對照)盛開的紫藤蘿真是一片輝煌的淡紫色,從空中垂下,不見其發(fā)端,也不見其終極,難怪作者說是紫藤蘿瀑布。今天,我們就一起來學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)代女作家宗璞的散文《紫藤蘿瀑布》。(板書文題)【設(shè)計意圖】本環(huán)節(jié)設(shè)計由瀑布圖片引入紫藤蘿圖片,在類比中讓學(xué)生感受紫藤蘿瀑布的美?,并思考作者為何將紫藤蘿與瀑布聯(lián)想到一起,二者有何相似之處。二、整體感知——梳理思路1.師范讀課文,生完成任務(wù)。(1)圈出文中的易錯生字,并標(biāo)注拼音,注意字形。(2)思考:作者描繪了哪幾幅紫藤蘿畫面?

(生動手寫下來,小組交流,推薦三至五個同學(xué)全班交流)師小結(jié):正如巴爾扎克說的“唯有細(xì)節(jié)將組成作品的價值”。同學(xué)們在寫作中可恰當(dāng)?shù)靥砑有は?、語言、動作、景物等細(xì)節(jié)描寫,用上合適的修辭手法,細(xì)化分解過程,盡最大的努力,讓描寫細(xì)致生動起來,讓內(nèi)容充實起來?!驹O(shè)計意圖】本環(huán)節(jié)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過具體句子的分析對比,學(xué)習(xí)歸納表達(dá)細(xì)節(jié)的方法,并運用這些方法練習(xí)。這些方法可操作性強,易于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和評價。三、實踐運用,描摹細(xì)節(jié)1.修改習(xí)作,打磨細(xì)節(jié)。(1)在本節(jié)課開頭展示的修改習(xí)作中選出兩篇。(生推薦,屏幕展示)(2)師生就所選習(xí)作中的某個段落,圍繞一個中心詞,如喜歡、贊賞、討厭、厭惡等,全班集體修改,學(xué)習(xí)如何運用肖像、語言和動作等細(xì)節(jié)描寫表情達(dá)意。(3)展示修改片段,對比原文。(4)生點評修改效果談收獲。

第三個層次,是通過師生互動,以身份證號碼為例,初步了解蘊含的一些簡單信息和編碼的含義;通過小組對自己帶來的身份證號碼進行觀察、比較、猜測來探索數(shù)字編碼的簡單方法;通過連線、判斷等初步應(yīng)用,進一步鞏固數(shù)字編碼的簡單方法。第四個層次,是通過學(xué)生互動交流自己的學(xué)號,初步體驗編碼的過程。在整個教學(xué)中,教師不束縛學(xué)生的手腳,而讓學(xué)生充分談?wù)撍{(diào)查、了解到的每一個信息,為學(xué)生的發(fā)展提供充分的土壤和水分,讓他們自己發(fā)揮想象:“從身份證號碼中你能獲得哪些信息呢?”“你能給自己編一個學(xué)號嗎?”問題逐層遞進,使學(xué)生思維上臺階,也使不同層次學(xué)生得到不同的發(fā)展,營造一個培養(yǎng)學(xué)生創(chuàng)新思維的空間。這樣做可以使學(xué)生真正成為知識的探索者、發(fā)現(xiàn)者和創(chuàng)造者,從而使學(xué)生保持一種經(jīng)久不衰的探究心理,形成勇于探索、勇于創(chuàng)新的科學(xué)精神,是促使學(xué)生可持續(xù)發(fā)展的一種教學(xué)活動。

出示:1、某校有男生500人,女生有450人,女生是男生的百分之幾?你能把這道題改編成另外二道一步計算的百分?jǐn)?shù)應(yīng)用題嗎?2、某校有男生500人,女生人數(shù)是男生的90%,女生有多少人?3、某校有女生450人,是男生的90%,男生有多少人?師:你覺得這三題有什么相同的地方和不同的地方?同:都以男生的人數(shù)為單位“1”異:條件與問題不同出示:1、完成書本124頁第14題。2、2000年我國農(nóng)村居民人均純收入為2253元,1999年為2210元。2000年比1999年增長百分之幾?3、一本書有240頁,小林第一天看了 ,第二天看了12.5%,第三天應(yīng)該從第幾頁看起?4、邊長1厘米的正方形面積比邊長2厘米的正方形面積少百分之幾?5、修一條公路,實際造價84萬元,比原計劃增加了5%,增加了多少萬元?出示:1、花園小學(xué)五年級男生有150人,女生人數(shù)是男生的 ,已知五年級人數(shù)占全校學(xué)生人數(shù)的25%。全校有多少名學(xué)生?2、書本124頁第15、16、17題。

教材簡析 《灰雀》這篇課文記敘了列寧在莫斯科郊外養(yǎng)病期間愛護灰雀的故事,反映了列寧愛鳥,更愛誠實的孩子。 全文共13個自然段。第1自然段講列寧在郊外養(yǎng)病期間,每天都到公園散步,他非常喜歡公園里那:只灰雀。第2—10自然段講有一天,列寧發(fā)現(xiàn)那只胸脯深紅的灰雀不見,以為它凍死了,感到很惋惜。小男孩不敢告訴列寧灰雀沒有死,只是堅定地說,灰雀會飛回來的。第11~13自然段講第二天,列寧果然又看見了那只灰雀,但他沒有再問那個男孩,因為他已經(jīng)知道男孩是誠實的。 課文以人物對話為主線,既寫出了列寧對孩子的教育過程,又寫了小男孩心理認(rèn)識過程。人物的內(nèi)心活動外化為語言,二者相互交錯,推動情節(jié)發(fā)展,并有機地融合在一起。

創(chuàng)設(shè)情境,引入夢境。師:想到能給你們上課,我昨晚興奮的睡不著覺,迷迷糊糊的我好像進入到了一個奇妙的世界:我腳踏星星來到學(xué)校,我們的課堂飛到了天空,云朵變成了小朋友的課桌,而老師的講臺竟是一道七色的彩虹。太陽和月亮為我們照明,小動物們爭著來聽課,小朋友們揮舞著畫筆把天空變成了美麗的花園。你們覺得老師的夢怎么樣?生:神奇、甜美。師:夢可以帶給我們許多新奇的體驗。引出課題《多彩的夢》師:那誰來說說你印象深刻的夢?

說明:在幫Li Lei提建議的同時,教育學(xué)生如何學(xué)好英語。第三課時教學(xué)目標(biāo)1. 語言目標(biāo):a) 詞匯: Original, in style, haircut, the same as.b) 語言結(jié)構(gòu):My friend wears the same clothes and has the same haircut as I do.2. 能力目標(biāo):大多數(shù)學(xué)生能夠談?wù)撟约合矚g哪種服裝,提高查找信息的能力。3. 情感目標(biāo):學(xué)會如何與朋友相處,要有自己對時尚的看法。教學(xué)重點掌握一些重要詞匯。教學(xué)難點學(xué)會談?wù)搯栴},并能提出書面建議?!艚虒W(xué)突破首先針對Erin的問題,提出個人的建議,模仿2c部分的對話展開雙人交際Pair-work;聽老師誦讀3a部分的信件,并找出LEFT OUT的問題所在;學(xué)生完成3b部分的內(nèi)容,給Left Out提出書面的建議;學(xué)以口頭形式提出自己目前存在的某個問題,講給大家聽,讓同學(xué)們給自己提出一個建議,并作筆錄;學(xué)生兩、三個人分成一組,隨意性地進行口語交際,談?wù)揚14的第4部分的某個問題,相互交換意見。

Step Ⅱ Show the new words on the screen and teach the new words. Read the new words to students and ask them to repeat.Step Ⅲ 3aThis activity introduces new vocabulary and provides reading practice using the target language.In this activity first look at the four pictures.T: What can you see in the pictures?Ss: Four snow globes.T: Right. There are four snow globes in the pictures. And what are they?Ss: They are a monster, two polar bears, two penguins and a birthday cake.Write these words on the blackboard: snow globe; monster; polar bear; penguin and birthday cake. Read them to the class and ask students to repeat each one. Make sure students understand each word.Use a computer to show the E-mail message on the screen and read the message to students.Get students to read the e-mail on their own, and then draw lines connecting each snow globe and its description.Correct the answers.AnswersA line should connect each snow globe picture with the words that describe it in the letter.Step Ⅳ 3bThis activity provides writing practice using the target language.First review Activity 2a on Page 47.Then ask students to complete the message according to Activity 2a.Some partial sentences are given to students. Write about one person's collection.When students work, walk around the room checking the progress and offering help as needed.When they finish, ask some students to read their messages to the class.

(1)Have you ever been to …? Yes, I have. / Yes, I have ever been to …No, I haven’t. / No, I have never been to …(2)When did you go there? I went there last year. (3)I have never been to a water park. Neither have I. I have ever been to an amusement park. So have I. (4)How long have you been studying English? I’ve been studying English since nine o’clock. I’ve been studying English since I came back home. I’ve been studying English for five hours. (5)What’s that? It’s an amusement park in Japan. I’ve never been to an amusement park like it before. It’s fun to learn another language. Let’s go tonight. Isn’t this great?space museum, amusement park, water park, South America, Peru, Holland, European culture, tour guide, flight attendant, musical instrument, more than, be from, get to, take lessons, neither, discover, graduate, change

區(qū)分賓語從句、定于從句和狀語從句賓語從句和狀語從句,都叫做主從復(fù)合句。賓語從句主要是中考必考的,是初中階段必掌握的從句,賓語從句主要是掌握三要素,所謂賓語從句,就是賓語在主從復(fù)合句當(dāng)中充當(dāng)賓語的一個句子,叫做賓語從句。主句的謂語動詞是及物動詞,后面如果是詞或者是短語的話,是簡單句,如果是句子的話,肯定是賓語從句。I know that he good at English.就是賓語從句,三要素,一要素是要注意連詞,連詞一共學(xué)了三類連詞,一類連詞是that口語當(dāng)中可以省略,就像剛才說的那一句,I hear he is good at English.還有疑問代詞、疑問副詞,how where when,疑問代詞、疑問副詞。還有一類連詞weather是否的意思,不是狀語從句當(dāng)中的如果,這一定要和如果區(qū)分開,這是是否。I don't know if he interested at English。賓語從句要注意if是連詞。第二要素是語序,要用陳述舉語序。比如說你家有幾口人,我們都說How many people are there in you family?但是這是簡單句,一旦說成賓語從句,你可以告訴我你家有幾口人嗎?Could you tell me how many people there are in you family ?

"Hello! Welcome to English class! Introduce yourself. Meet your new classmates." That's what the teacher says. What do you say? "Oh no!" It can be difficult talking to new people. But it can be fun, and you can make friends. How do you do it? Make small talk. Small talk is polite conversation. "Wang Nan is a great pingpang player, isn't she?" "I'd love to meet her, wouldn't you?" "It's been raining a lot, hasn't it?" Tag questions are a form of polite speech. To make small talk successfully, you should know how to make them. You should also know what topics to talk about. Try to learn this unit carefully. The next time you're in English class, you'll find out. Making small talk's easy, isn't it? (“你好!歡迎你!請做一下自我介紹。認(rèn)識一下你的新同學(xué)?!蓖ǔT谡n上老師會這樣說。你會說什么呢?“噢,不!”與陌生人談話太困難了。但是這也很有意思,并且你還能交到朋友。你該怎么做呢?閑聊。閑聊指得是禮貌的對話。“王楠是一個很棒的乒乓球運動員,不是嗎?”“我希望自己能認(rèn)識她,你呢?“今年的雨水很多,不是嗎?”反意疑問句是一種禮貌用語。為了使得談話成功,你應(yīng)該知道怎樣去進行閑聊。你還應(yīng)該知道與不同的人該談?wù)撌裁礃拥脑掝}。認(rèn)真的學(xué)習(xí)這個單元吧,下次在英語課上,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)與大家展開談話是一件很容易的事情,不信我們來試試。)

This activity introduces some new vocabulary and provide oral practice using the target language.Task 1 . Ask four students to stand in front of the class, and the teacher asks them the following questions as a reporter.1.What are you going to do when you grow up?2.What are you going to do next week?3.What are going to do after school?The students will give different answers, then ask a good student to report what they said.I am going to e a doctor.What did she say?----------She said she was going to be a doctor.I am going to have a party on Friday night.What did he say?-------He said he was going to have a party on Friday night.I am going to do my homework.What did she say ?------ She said she was going to do her homework.I am going home after school.What did she say?-----She said she was going home after school.Say In this unit we are going to learn to use words like to report what someone said.Task 2. Read the instructions. Then ask a student to read the four questions. And write the words on the Bb. Explain what soap opera is.Task 3. Ask the students to Look at the pictures, point out the TV screens in the picture. Ask one girl to read what Marcia said.What did Marcia say? She said She said she was having a surprise party for Lana on Friday night. Repeat the other pictures in the same way.Activity3. Listen and number the pictures in activity 1a.

(一).知識方面: 1.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生能運用過去進行時來描述、談?wù)撨^去某個時間正在發(fā)生的事情或動作的意識和能力,能就過去某個時間正在發(fā)生的動作做出正確的描述。 2.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的想象力和角色扮演的合作能力。 3.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生講述過去發(fā)生的事情經(jīng)過的能力。能正確運用一般過去時來講述故事。 (二).技能方面: 1.本單元的語言目標(biāo)是Talk about past events and tell a story(談?wù)撨^去的時間和講述一個故事),圍繞這一目標(biāo),要涉及句型: What were you doing when the UFO arrived? ----I was sitting in the barber’s chair. The barber was cutting my hair. 因此必須學(xué)習(xí)standing、studying、cleaning、sleeping、cooking、making、eating、cutting、等表示地點的詞,以便為上述句型提供語言材料。2.學(xué)習(xí)過去進行時的有關(guān)知識。Was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞,是該時態(tài)的表達(dá)式。 3.在學(xué)習(xí)過程中,要區(qū)分The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.和While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.這兩種由when和while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的句型結(jié)構(gòu)。注意它們的不同。

教師帶領(lǐng)學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)有關(guān)描述寵物的詞匯,采用教師提問學(xué)生回答的方進行。如:T:What animals do you think would be good pets?What animals do you think would be bad pets?What do you think are good animals for a six-year-old child?然后學(xué)生進行 pairwork 練習(xí)。Task two: 師生互動,學(xué)習(xí)探究 1、播放3a部分的錄音,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生一邊聽錄音,一邊跟讀。2、通過聽錄音學(xué)生回答以下問題:Why do you think pot-bellied pigs are popular?What are the advantages and disadvantages of keeping such a pet?教師對學(xué)生的回答進行及時點評。3.學(xué)習(xí)范文,學(xué)習(xí)重點短語,為下步的模仿寫作提供語言素材。T :1. )Have you ever kept a pig as a pet?Do you like pigs? St.:No.…Why don’t you like to keep a pig? St: No.They’re too dirty and lazy(Do you know in some foreign countries like Hollyland, Australia,pigs are the most popular pet.there’s a kind of pig.(圖)it has an interesting name? it ‘s called a pot-bellied pig.) Now,let’s learn an article about this kind of interesting pet.2.)play the tapeSt.:Listen and repeat3.)show some Qs on computer(本子St.: read silently,then answerthe Qs(本子)4.)Ask ss. Close book and retell this passage.(what is a pot-bellied pig? Is it a good or bad pet? ) St.: retell it to each other“A pot –bellied pig is a popular pet now…”5.read the article together.St.:.practice reading

Step 4. Group work (4)1. Ask a pair of students to read the dialogue. Say, This activity provides speaking, listening and writing practice using the target language.2. Ask students to complete the work in groups.3. Check the answers with the whole class. 4. Explain some of the language points. Step 5. Word review (Self check 1)1. Ask students to read the words and the phrases given. 2. Fill in the blanks with proper forms of these words to complete the sentences. 3. Check the answers with the whole class. Homework:Do activity 2 on page 57 after class. Period 6Teaching aims: 1. Teach vocabulary words and the useful expressions. 2. Enable the students to learn etiquette in different culture. 3. Help the students learn how to behave politely in public places and in daily life. Teaching procedures:Step 1. RevisionHelp students to review the function of making requests through a free talk. Then lead them to the topic of etiquette. Explain the meaning of etiquette. Or, ask students to look it up in the dictionary. Step 2. Pre-reading (Section 1)1. Ask students to read the picture and make a list with their partner about how many rules of etiquette can be seen being broken.

3、Practicea. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you,too.b. Perform the dialogue.c. Arrange the dialogue according to the pictures or sentence cards.d. Let’s play.A: Good afternoon,B. This is C. Hello, C! Nice to meet you.C: Nice to meet you, too.A,B: Goodbye!C: Bye!4、Assessment Workbook page 10Add-activitiesa. Listen to the recording and repeat.b. Make a dialogue according to "Let’s talk".Second Period一、Teaching contents1. Let’s learn Words:body, leg, arm, hand, finger, foot.1. Let’s do二、Preparation1、a puppet2、Cards of body, leg, arm, hand, finger and foot.3、headgear of a captain三、Teaching steps1、Warm-up/ Revisiona. Captain says to review "let’s do" of Part A.b. Perform the students their own dialogues.2、Presentationa. Learn to say "body, leg, arm, hand, finger and foot."b. Listen to the recording and repeat.c. Let’s do. Clap your hands. Snap your fingers. Wave your arms. Cross your legs. Shake your body. Stamp your foot.3、Practicea. Let’s draw a person.b. Let’s do. Point out which picture.c. Let’s do. Who responses faster.4、Assessment Workbook page 115、Add-activitiesa. Listen to the recording, repeat and act out.b. Say all the names of the body to your parents.Third Period一、Teaching contents1. Let’s check2. Let’s chant二、Preparation1、stationeries1、pictures of parts of Zoom

一.教學(xué)內(nèi)容方面:本模塊主要以家鄉(xiāng)為題材,圍繞方位,位置及形容詞的比較級等語法現(xiàn)象,開展聽說讀寫活動。今天我講的這節(jié)課是Module2 的第二單元,是一節(jié)讀寫課。學(xué)生在經(jīng)過第一單元的學(xué)習(xí)后,對形容詞比較級的語法現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)有了一定的認(rèn)識和掌握。所以本節(jié)課主要是借助模塊中的學(xué)習(xí)材料,對學(xué)生進行閱讀訓(xùn)練,幫助學(xué)生掌握關(guān)于方位,位置的語法現(xiàn)象,并指導(dǎo)學(xué)生用所學(xué)語言簡單介紹自己的家鄉(xiāng)。所以整個課堂教學(xué)我設(shè)計了兩個大的活動。一是,引導(dǎo)學(xué)生精讀教材文章,二是,讀后引導(dǎo)學(xué)生參照范例,進行仿寫訓(xùn)練。

一、教材的地位與作用 本節(jié)主要學(xué)習(xí)一元一次不等式組及其解集的概念,并要求學(xué)生會用數(shù)軸確定解集。它是一元一次不等式的后續(xù)學(xué)習(xí),也是一種基本的數(shù)學(xué)模型,也為下節(jié)和今后解決實際生產(chǎn)和生活問題奠定了堅實的知識基礎(chǔ)。另外,整個學(xué)習(xí)的過程中數(shù)軸起著不可替代的作用,處處滲透著數(shù)形結(jié)合的思想,這種數(shù)學(xué)思想會一直影響著學(xué)生今后數(shù)學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí)。二、學(xué)情分析從學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的心理基礎(chǔ)和認(rèn)知特點來說,學(xué)生已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了一元一次不等式,并能較熟練地解一元一次不等式,能將簡單的實際問題抽象為數(shù)學(xué)模型,有一定的數(shù)學(xué)化歸能力。但學(xué)生將兩個一元一次不等式的解集在同一數(shù)軸上表示會產(chǎn)生一定的困惑。這個年齡段的學(xué)生,以感性認(rèn)識為主,并向理性認(rèn)知過渡,所以,本節(jié)課的設(shè)計是通過學(xué)生所熟悉的問題情境,讓學(xué)生獨立思考,合作交流,從而引導(dǎo)其自主學(xué)習(xí)。

接下來請同學(xué)們改造這五個句子,變成“如果??,那么??”句式,其實就是一個語文環(huán)節(jié)中的造句,同學(xué)們很活躍,紛紛舉手發(fā)言。課堂檢測練習(xí)我用到的是課本221頁習(xí)題6.2第1、2題,有個別同學(xué)會做錯,做錯點在于對判斷還把握不夠到位,還有少數(shù)同學(xué)對定義與命題的理解產(chǎn)生混亂。據(jù)此,我提出:定義與命題兩個概念該如何區(qū)別?同學(xué)們舉手發(fā)言:定義是一個描述性的概念,而命題是判斷一件事情的句子。還有同學(xué)說道:定義就是一個“??叫??”的句式,命題就是“如果??那么??”的句式。在教學(xué)中,學(xué)生對定義與命題的把握還是比較清楚的。大部分學(xué)生可以口頭完成導(dǎo)學(xué)案設(shè)計的題目。能夠迅速的把一個命題轉(zhuǎn)化成“如果?那么?”的形式.利用疑問句和祈使句的特點,判定不是命題的語句.迅速的掌握情況還是比較可以的。
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