
Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about an international youth cultural heritage protection project. More than 20 high school students from seven countries participated in the project. The reporter interviewed two participants Stephanie and Liu Bin. By listening to the text, students can understand the significance of cultural heritage protection, and teenagers can use their knowledge, combine their own interests and advantages, etc. to participate in the action of cultural heritage protection. Listening and Talking introduces the theme of "Talk about history and culture". The listening text is a dialogue between two tourists and tour guides when they visit the Kremlin, red square and surrounding buildings. The dialogue focuses on the functional items of "starting a conversation", which is used to politely and appropriately attract the attention of the others, so as to smoothly start a conversation or start a new topic. The purpose of this section is to guide students to understand the history and current situation of Chinese and foreign cultural heritage in their own tourism experiences or from other people's tourism experiences, explore the historical and cultural values, and be able to express accurately and appropriately in oral communication.1. Guide students to understand the content of listening texts in terms of the whole and key details; 2. Cultivate students' ability to guess the meaning of words in listening; discuss with their peers how to participate in cultural heritage protection activities.3. Instruct students to use functional sentences of the dialogue such as “I beg your pardon, but…” “Forgive me for asking, but…" and so on to start the conversation more politely and appropriately.

1. This section focuses on "Understanding how a problem was solved”, which is aimed to guide students to analyze and discuss the challenges and problems faced by cultural heritage protection during the construction of Aswan Dam, as well as the solutions. On the basis of understanding, students should pay attention to the key role of international cooperation in solving problems, and attach importance to the balance and coordination between cultural heritage protection and social and economic development. Students are encouraged to face challenges actively, be good at cooperation, and make continuous efforts to find reasonable ways and means to solve problems.2. Enable students to understand the main information and text structure of the reading text;3. Motivate students to use the reading strategy "make a timeline" according to the appropriate text genre;4. Enable students to understand how a problem was solved;5. Enable students to understand the value of protecting cultural heritage by teamwork and global community;1. Guide students to pay attention to reading strategies, such as prediction, self-questioning and scanning.2. Help students sort out the topic language about protecting cultural relics and understand the narrative characteristics of "time-event" in illustrative style3. Lead students to understand the value of protecting cultural heritage by teamwork and global community;

The theme of the reading and thinking is about “Understanding how a problem was solved”.The Listening & Speaking & Talking is about international co-work to protect the Mount Tai, in which the students from seven countries came up with many solutions even create the Mount Tai App. This section aims at showing how to solve a difficult and even tough problem about protecting the cultural heritage by the international co-work. So in this section, cultivating students’ international awareness is very clear and important. Concretely, with the economic development, how to balance the protection of cultural relics and social development is a big challenge for human. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build the Aswan Dam across the Nile to control floods, produce electricity and water farms. But the proposal led to protests because it would destroy a lot of cultural relics. The Egyptian had no choice but ask the UN for help. Therefore, a international cooperation about how to protect the cultural relics began, which involved the time length about 20 years and a large amount of fund. Then, the problems was solved. 1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation4. Have the international awareness and understand the great strength of international cooperation.1. Read quickly to get the main idea and the structure of the article; read careful to get detailed information.2. Learn to use the reading strategy---making a timeline.3. Learn how to solve a tough problem by asking for help and cooperation.

This report is short, concise and has typical news content and language features. The title uses the verb phrases, embodying the characteristics of being concise and general. The introduction is the first two sentences in the first paragraph, describing the general situation of the cultural heritage protection project, including time, place, characters, events and other news elements, so that readers can see the main points of the news report at a glance. The main body is the second and third paragraphs, which report the important historical and cultural value of Mogao Grottoes and the production of Mogao Grottoes Material digital photos, which are of great significance to the inheritance of historical culture and the promotion of international cultural understanding, exchange and cooperation. Direct citation is used in the report, as well as background introduction and other news writing techniques.1. Get students to have a good understanding of some features about a news report by reading the text.2. Instruct students to write a summary about a news report properly using some newly acquired writing skills in this period.3. Develop students’ writing and cooperating abilities.4. Strengthen students’ great interest in writing discourses.1. Stimulate students to have a good understanding of how to a summary about a news report 2. Cultivate students to write a news report properly and concisely.Step 1: Lead in Do you think it is necessary for us to circulate our cultural heritage to the world? Why or why not?Do we need to learn more about other countries’ cultural heritage? Why or why not?Step 2: Read to discover details concerning the main body of the news report.

1. Ss look at the picture and scan the passage to understand the main idea while teacher is giving the following questions to inspire Ss to think.*Where are those people?*What are they doing?*Why are they so excited?2. Ss complete the passage with the appropriate -ing form. Then discuss and check the answers with class.Answers: boring, interesting, taking, exciting, amazing3. The teacher raises questions for the students to discuss and encourages them to express their opinions.*Do you like La Tomatina? Why or why not?4. Each group representative reports the discussion result, the teacher gives feedback and the evaluation.Step 6 PracticeActivity 41. Ss complete the Ex 2 in Using structures.2. Check the answers after finishing the exercises.①The dragon boat races are the most exciting part of the Dragon Boat Festival.② The children were excited to go Easter egg hunting.③What an amazing performance! This is the best music festival I have ever been to.④We were amazed by her funny-looking hat.⑤His inspiring speech at the conference won the admiration/ favour of the audience.⑥This is a challenging game to test your memory and observation capabilities. 3. T asks Ss to finish Ex 3 and 4 in Using structures by themselves, then check the answers with class.Step 6 Homework1. Understand and master the functions and usage of the -ing form;2. Finish the other exercises in Using structures.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語和表語的功能和意義;2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否在理解文段內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)上下文語境和表達(dá)邏輯,能正確運(yùn)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式描述節(jié)日慶典。3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否歸納和積累用于表達(dá)情緒的相關(guān)詞匯。

本板塊的活動(dòng)主題是“談?wù)摴?jié)日活動(dòng)”(Talk about festival activities),主要是從貼近學(xué)生日常生活的角度來切入“節(jié)日”主題。學(xué)生會(huì)聽到發(fā)生在三個(gè)國(guó)家不同節(jié)日?qǐng)鼍跋碌暮?jiǎn)短對(duì)話,對(duì)話中的人們正在參與或?qū)⒁H歷不同的慶?;顒?dòng)。隨著全球化的進(jìn)程加速,國(guó)際交流日益頻繁,無論是國(guó)人走出國(guó)門還是外國(guó)友人訪問中國(guó),都已成為司空見慣的事情。因此,該板塊所選取的三個(gè)典型節(jié)日?qǐng)鼍岸际菍儆诳缥幕浑H語境,不僅每組對(duì)話中的人物來自不同的文化背景,對(duì)話者的身份和關(guān)系也不盡相同。1. Master the new words related to holiday: the lantern, Carnival, costume, dress(sb)up, march, congratulation, congratulate, riddle, ceremony, samba, make - up, after all. 2. To understand the origin of major world festivals and the activities held to celebrate them and the significance of these activities;3. Improve listening comprehension and oral expression of the topic by listening and talking about traditional festivals around the world;4. Improve my understanding of the topic by watching pictures and videos about different traditional festivals around the world;5. Review the common assimilation phenomenon in English phonetics, can distinguish the assimilated phonemes in the natural language flow, and consciously use the assimilation skill in oral expression. Importance:1. Guide students to pay attention to the attitude of the speaker in the process of listening, and identify the relationship between the characters;2. Inspire students to use topic words to describe the festival activities based on their background knowledge. Difficulties:In the process of listening to the correct understanding of the speaker's attitude, accurately identify the relationship between the characters.

*wide range of origins(= a great number of different origins, many kinds of origins)*It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. (=A parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports were included as important parts of the Egyptian harvest festival.)*.. some traditions may fade away and others may be established.(= Some traditions may disappear gradually, while other new traditions may come into being.)Step 6 Practice(1) Listen and follow the tape.The teacher may remind the students to pay attention to the meaning and usage of the black words in the context, so as to prepare for the completion of the blanks in activity 5 and vocabulary exercises in the exercise book.(2) Students complete the text of activity 5 by themselves.The teacher needs to remind the students to fill in the blanks with the correct form of the vocabulary they have learned in the text.Students exchange their answers with their partners, and then teachers and students check their answers.(3)Finish the Ex in Activity 5 of students’ book.Step 7 Homework1. Read the text again, in-depth understanding of the text;2. Discuss the origin of festivals, the historical changes of related customs, the influence of commercial society on festivals and the connotation and essential meaning of festivals.3. Complete relevant exercises in the guide plan.1、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生是否理解和掌握閱讀文本中的新詞匯的意義與用法;2、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否結(jié)合文本特點(diǎn)快速而準(zhǔn)確地找到主題句;3、通過本節(jié)內(nèi)容學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)生能否理清論說文的語篇結(jié)構(gòu)和文本邏輯,了解節(jié)日風(fēng)俗發(fā)展與變遷,感悟節(jié)日的內(nèi)涵與意義。

知識(shí)和技能 ⑴從圖片和簡(jiǎn)易圖中,了解氣團(tuán)(冷氣團(tuán)、暖氣團(tuán))的概念;鋒的概念與分類;低壓(氣旋)、高壓(反氣旋)、高壓脊、低壓槽的概念。⑵從氣溫、氣壓、濕度、降水、風(fēng)等幾方面分析各種天氣系統(tǒng)的形成及其氣流特點(diǎn),并綜合出各種天氣系統(tǒng)控制下的天氣狀況過程與方法 ⑴讓學(xué)生能閱讀和簡(jiǎn)單分析天氣圖,解釋天氣變化現(xiàn)象;⑵用案例說明氣象災(zāi)害發(fā)生的原因和危害;⑶結(jié)合我國(guó)常見的天氣系統(tǒng)說明其對(duì)人們生產(chǎn)和生活的影響情感、態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀激發(fā)學(xué)生探究天氣的形成和變化的興趣和動(dòng)機(jī),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生求真、求實(shí)的科學(xué)態(tài)度,提高地理審美情趣教學(xué)重點(diǎn)1.鋒面系統(tǒng)。(鋒面系統(tǒng):一是要區(qū)別冷暖鋒的成因,二是要掌握鋒面兩側(cè)的氣壓、溫度、濕度、風(fēng)和天氣差異)2.低壓、高壓系統(tǒng)。(要掌握其成因、氣壓特征、氣流特征及其天氣特點(diǎn)四個(gè)方面。)

【教學(xué)意圖】要了解中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化,必須閱讀古詩文名著名篇。但在中國(guó)文化形成過程中影響最大的是什么?可以說是儒家學(xué)說,包括《論語》這部經(jīng)典。《論語》等書是讀書人求仕做官的必修課本,是知識(shí)分子的思想言行基礎(chǔ),而且影響到整個(gè)社會(huì)生活,內(nèi)容包括倫理道德、教育體制、民間習(xí)俗等方面的思想。因此,要了解中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化,有必要讀一讀《論語》?!窘虒W(xué)設(shè)計(jì)】因《論語》的年代已久遠(yuǎn),對(duì)學(xué)生而言,要理解透徹文句是比較深?yuàn)W困難的,因此必須在充分理解文意的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)《論語》進(jìn)行思想上的解讀??捎山處煆摹墩撜Z》中概括出幾點(diǎn)與生活、現(xiàn)實(shí)相關(guān)的要點(diǎn),要求學(xué)生分組進(jìn)行透徹的學(xué)習(xí)和領(lǐng)會(huì),如“小人與君子”、“學(xué)習(xí)的方法”、“教育的理念”等等?!冀虒W(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)〗讀《論語》知儒家思想?!冀虒W(xué)方法〗講解啟發(fā)、探究梳理、拓展延伸。

科學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè),就地區(qū)而言,位于低緯度的大部分國(guó)家,農(nóng)作物的產(chǎn)量將減少;而位于高緯度的國(guó)家,農(nóng)作物產(chǎn)量有可能增加。由于不少發(fā)展中國(guó)家位于低緯度地區(qū),因此,氣候變化的這種區(qū)域差異性,可能會(huì)使發(fā)展中國(guó)家所面臨的問題更為嚴(yán)峻。板書:3全球變暖將加劇水資源的不穩(wěn)定性與供需矛盾。介紹:全球變暖會(huì)影響整個(gè)水循環(huán)過程,可能使蒸發(fā)加大,改變區(qū)域降水量和降水分布格局,增加降水極端異常事件的發(fā)生,導(dǎo)致洪澇、干旱災(zāi)害的頻次和強(qiáng)度增加,以及地表徑流發(fā)生變化。隨著徑流減少,蒸發(fā)增強(qiáng),全球變暖將加劇水資源的不穩(wěn)定性與供需矛盾。轉(zhuǎn)折:既然全球變暖會(huì)引起很多不利影響,那么作為人類應(yīng)如何面對(duì)這一挑戰(zhàn)呢?這就是我們要討論的第三個(gè)問題。板書:三、氣候變化的適應(yīng)對(duì)策討論:請(qǐng)大家閱讀結(jié)合教材P53氣候變化的適應(yīng)對(duì)策部分討論人類應(yīng)如何面對(duì)全球變暖這一問題 呢?

【教學(xué)內(nèi)容】人教版高中思想政治必修3文化生活第一單元第二課第二框題《文化塑造人生》?!窘虒W(xué)目標(biāo)】1.知識(shí)目標(biāo)理解優(yōu)秀文化如何豐富人的精神世界、增強(qiáng)人的精神力量及促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展。2.能力目標(biāo)(1)能賞析優(yōu)秀文化產(chǎn)品,感悟積極向上的文化生活對(duì)于豐富人們的精神世界,增強(qiáng)人民的精神力量的意義,確信其促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展的重要作用。(2)結(jié)合文化塑造人生,不斷豐富自己的精神世界,促進(jìn)自身的全面發(fā)展3.情感、態(tài)度、價(jià)值觀目標(biāo)樹立正確的世界觀、人生觀、價(jià)值觀,豐富精神世界,增強(qiáng)精神力量,接受優(yōu)秀文化,促進(jìn)自身的全面發(fā)展。【教學(xué)重點(diǎn)】?jī)?yōu)秀文化能豐富人的精神世界,增強(qiáng)人的精神力量【教學(xué)難點(diǎn)】文化促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展【教學(xué)準(zhǔn)備】資料收集、多媒體課件【課時(shí)安排】1課時(shí)【教學(xué)過程】視頻導(dǎo)入:播放我國(guó)殘疾人藝術(shù)團(tuán)在春節(jié)晚會(huì)上的精美舞蹈《千手觀音》。

◇小辭典:綠色閱讀隨著知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代的到來,全球化信息浪潮正鋪天蓋地席卷而來。尤其足隨著我國(guó)加入世貿(mào)組織由夢(mèng)想變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí),同國(guó)外進(jìn)行頻繁而廣泛的經(jīng)濟(jì)文化交流,在所難免。在大量文化信息面前,就像物質(zhì)生活中倡導(dǎo)綠色食品一樣,對(duì)于精神食糧,也應(yīng)該倡導(dǎo)綠色閱讀。綠色閱讀,是一種無污染的有利于人健康文明生活的閱讀。文化就像大自然那種綠色帶給我們永久愉悅一樣,它是高科技競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中源源不斷地給我們充電的高效營(yíng)養(yǎng)庫,是一個(gè)沙漠中穿行人身心交瘁時(shí)望到的一片綠洲,是一個(gè)人葆有的、沒有受到任何污染的、永遠(yuǎn)都清如許的“半畝方塘”?!笳n堂練習(xí):在我國(guó),必須大力倡導(dǎo)“愛國(guó)守法、明禮誠(chéng)信、團(tuán)結(jié)友善、勤儉自強(qiáng)、敬業(yè)奉獻(xiàn),的基本道德規(guī)范。這些基本道德規(guī)范()①是我國(guó)社會(huì)主義文化建設(shè)的重要內(nèi)容②是我國(guó)社會(huì)主義社會(huì)的重要特征③是我國(guó)社會(huì)主義道德的重要體現(xiàn)④是社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)的唯一精神動(dòng)力

2、講授新課:(35分鐘)通過教材第一目的講解,讓學(xué)生明白,生活和學(xué)習(xí)中有許多蘊(yùn)涵哲學(xué)道理的故事,表明哲學(xué)并不神秘總結(jié)并過渡:生活也離不開哲學(xué),哲學(xué)可以是我正確看待自然、人生、和社會(huì)的發(fā)展,從而指導(dǎo)人們正確的認(rèn)識(shí)和改造世界。整個(gè)過程將伴隨著多媒體影像資料和生生對(duì)話討論以提高學(xué)生的積極性。3、課堂反饋,知識(shí)遷移。最后對(duì)本科課進(jìn)行小結(jié),鞏固重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn),將本課的哲學(xué)知識(shí)遷移到與生活相關(guān)的例子,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)知識(shí)的升華以及學(xué)生的再次創(chuàng)新;可使學(xué)生更深刻地理解重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn),為下一框?qū)W習(xí)做好準(zhǔn)備。4、板書設(shè)計(jì)我采用直觀板書的方法,對(duì)本課的知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)在多媒體上進(jìn)行展示。盡可能的簡(jiǎn)潔,清晰。使學(xué)生對(duì)知識(shí)框架一目了然,幫助學(xué)生構(gòu)建本課的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)。5、布置作業(yè)我會(huì)留適當(dāng)?shù)淖詼y(cè)題及教學(xué)案例讓同學(xué)們做課后練習(xí)和思考,檢驗(yàn)學(xué)生對(duì)本課重點(diǎn)的掌握以及對(duì)難點(diǎn)的理解。并及時(shí)反饋。對(duì)學(xué)生在理解中仍有困難的知識(shí)點(diǎn),我會(huì)在以后的教學(xué)中予以疏導(dǎo)。

【設(shè)計(jì)思路】新課程十分強(qiáng)調(diào)科學(xué)探究在科學(xué)課程中的作用,應(yīng)該說科學(xué)探究是這次課程改革的核心。我覺得:科學(xué)探究不一定是要讓學(xué)生純粹地通過實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行探究,應(yīng)該說科學(xué)探究是一種科學(xué)精神,學(xué)生只要通過自己的探索和體驗(yàn),變未知為已知,這樣的教學(xué)活動(dòng)也是科學(xué)探究。本節(jié)課是概念教學(xué)課,讓學(xué)生純粹地通過實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行探究是不太合適的。但通過學(xué)生自己的探索和體驗(yàn),變未知為已知還比較合適。本節(jié)課的設(shè)計(jì)就是基于這樣的出發(fā)點(diǎn),在引出加速度的概念時(shí)低臺(tái)階,步步深入,充分激活學(xué)生的思維,是學(xué)生思維上的探究。通過復(fù)習(xí)前邊速度時(shí)間圖像,從而得到從圖像上得到加速度的方法,為加深加速度概念和相關(guān)知識(shí)的理解有配套了相應(yīng)練習(xí)題目,做到強(qiáng)化練習(xí)的目的?!窘虒W(xué)目標(biāo)】知識(shí)與技能1.理解加速度的意義,知道加速度是表示速度變化快慢的物理量.知道它的定義、公式、符號(hào)和單位,能用公式a=△v/△t進(jìn)行定量計(jì)算.2.知道加速度與速度的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系,會(huì)根據(jù)加速度與速度的方向關(guān)系判斷物體是加速運(yùn)動(dòng)還是減速運(yùn)動(dòng).3.能從勻變速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)的v—t圖象理解加速度的意義.

三、作出速度-時(shí)間圖像(v-t圖像)1、確定運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律最好辦法是作v-t圖像,這樣能更好地顯現(xiàn)物體的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律。2、x y x1 x2 y2 y1 0討論如何在本次實(shí)驗(yàn)中描點(diǎn)、連線。(以時(shí)間t為橫軸,速度v為縱軸,建立坐標(biāo)系,選擇合適的標(biāo)度,把剛才所填表格中的各點(diǎn)在速度-時(shí)間坐標(biāo)系中描出。注意觀察和思考你所描畫的這些點(diǎn)的分布規(guī)律,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這些點(diǎn)大致落在同一條直線上,所以不能用折線連接,而用一根直線連接,還要注意連線兩側(cè)的點(diǎn)數(shù)要大致相同。)3、若出現(xiàn)了個(gè)別明顯偏離絕大部分點(diǎn)所在直線的點(diǎn),該如何處理?(對(duì)于個(gè)別明顯偏離絕大部分點(diǎn)所在直線的點(diǎn),我們可以認(rèn)為是測(cè)量誤差過大、是測(cè)量中出現(xiàn)差錯(cuò)所致,將它視為無效點(diǎn),但是在圖像當(dāng)中仍應(yīng)該保留,因?yàn)槲覀円鹬貙?shí)驗(yàn)事實(shí),這畢竟是我們的第一手資料,是原始數(shù)據(jù)。)4、怎樣根據(jù)所畫的v-t圖像求加速度?(從所畫的圖像中取兩個(gè)點(diǎn),找到它們的縱、橫坐標(biāo)(t1,v1)、(t2,v2),然后代入公式,求得加速度,也就是直線的斜率。在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中,直線的斜率

【設(shè)計(jì)思路】新課程十分強(qiáng)調(diào)科學(xué)探究在科學(xué)課程中的作用,應(yīng)該說科學(xué)探究是這次課程改革的核心。我覺得:科學(xué)探究不一定是要讓學(xué)生純粹地通過實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行探究,應(yīng)該說科學(xué)探究是一種科學(xué)精神,學(xué)生只要通過自己的探索和體驗(yàn),變未知為已知,這樣的教學(xué)活動(dòng)也是科學(xué)探究。本節(jié)課是概念教學(xué)課,讓學(xué)生純粹地通過實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行探究是不太合適的。但通過學(xué)生自己的探索和體驗(yàn),變未知為已知還比較合適。本節(jié)課的設(shè)計(jì)就是基于這樣的出發(fā)點(diǎn),在引出加速度的概念時(shí)低臺(tái)階,步步深入,充分激活學(xué)生的思維,是學(xué)生思維上的探究。通過復(fù)習(xí)前邊速度時(shí)間圖像,從而得到從圖像上得到加速度的方法,為加深加速度概念和相關(guān)知識(shí)的理解有配套了相應(yīng)練習(xí)題目,做到強(qiáng)化練習(xí)的目的?!窘虒W(xué)目標(biāo)】知識(shí)與技能1.理解加速度的意義,知道加速度是表示速度變化快慢的物理量.知道它的定義、公式、符號(hào)和單位,能用公式a=△v/△t進(jìn)行定量計(jì)算.2.知道加速度與速度的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系,會(huì)根據(jù)加速度與速度的方向關(guān)系判斷物體是加速運(yùn)動(dòng)還是減速運(yùn)動(dòng).

3、若出現(xiàn)了個(gè)別明顯偏離絕大部分點(diǎn)所在直線的點(diǎn),該如何處理?(對(duì)于個(gè)別明顯偏離絕大部分點(diǎn)所在直線的點(diǎn),我們可以認(rèn)為是測(cè)量誤差過大、是測(cè)量中出現(xiàn)差錯(cuò)所致,將它視為無效點(diǎn),但是在圖像當(dāng)中仍應(yīng)該保留,因?yàn)槲覀円鹬貙?shí)驗(yàn)事實(shí),這畢竟是我們的第一手資料,是原始數(shù)據(jù)。)4、怎樣根據(jù)所畫的v-t圖像求加速度?(從所畫的圖像中取兩個(gè)點(diǎn),找到它們的縱、橫坐標(biāo)(t1,v1)、(t2,v2),然后代入公式,求得加速度,也就是直線的斜率。在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中,直線的斜率四、實(shí)踐與拓展例1、在探究小車速度隨時(shí)間變化規(guī)律的實(shí)驗(yàn)中,得到一條記錄小車運(yùn)動(dòng)情況的紙帶,如圖所示。圖中A、B、C、D、E為相鄰的計(jì)數(shù)點(diǎn),相鄰計(jì)數(shù)點(diǎn)的時(shí)間間隔為T=0.1s。⑴根據(jù)紙帶上的數(shù)據(jù),計(jì)算B、C、D各點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù),填入表中。

2.通過西氣東輸輸送到上海的天然氣,價(jià)格只相當(dāng)于進(jìn)口天然氣的3/4、同等熱值煤氣的 2/3。你認(rèn)為是否應(yīng)該提高天然氣的價(jià)格,以促進(jìn)西部的發(fā)展。點(diǎn)撥:可以從不同方面分析。⑷對(duì)環(huán)境的影響①有利于改善東部地區(qū)的大氣質(zhì)量據(jù)監(jiān)測(cè)顯示,在同等熱值的情況下,與煤炭相比,利用天然氣作燃料幾乎不產(chǎn)生二氧化硫、粉塵等污染物質(zhì),氮氧化物和二氧化碳的排放量也大為減少。長(zhǎng)江三角洲地區(qū)的能源長(zhǎng)期高度依賴煤炭,例如,上海市煤炭消費(fèi)量占能源消費(fèi)總量的70%。從西部地區(qū)輸送來的天然氣,可以部分替代煤炭。②為了最大限度減少對(duì)沿線地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境的影響,西氣東輸工程在建設(shè)過程中,嚴(yán)格環(huán)境保護(hù)的要求。③在沿線農(nóng)村地區(qū)推廣使用天然氣,可減少農(nóng)民對(duì)薪柴的需求,從而緩解因植被破壞而帶來的環(huán)境壓力。

【答案】B [由直線方程知直線斜率為3,令x=0可得在y軸上的截距為y=-3.故選B.]3.已知直線l1過點(diǎn)P(2,1)且與直線l2:y=x+1垂直,則l1的點(diǎn)斜式方程為________.【答案】y-1=-(x-2) [直線l2的斜率k2=1,故l1的斜率為-1,所以l1的點(diǎn)斜式方程為y-1=-(x-2).]4.已知兩條直線y=ax-2和y=(2-a)x+1互相平行,則a=________. 【答案】1 [由題意得a=2-a,解得a=1.]5.無論k取何值,直線y-2=k(x+1)所過的定點(diǎn)是 . 【答案】(-1,2)6.直線l經(jīng)過點(diǎn)P(3,4),它的傾斜角是直線y=3x+3的傾斜角的2倍,求直線l的點(diǎn)斜式方程.【答案】直線y=3x+3的斜率k=3,則其傾斜角α=60°,所以直線l的傾斜角為120°.以直線l的斜率為k′=tan 120°=-3.所以直線l的點(diǎn)斜式方程為y-4=-3(x-3).

解析:①過原點(diǎn)時(shí),直線方程為y=-34x.②直線不過原點(diǎn)時(shí),可設(shè)其方程為xa+ya=1,∴4a+-3a=1,∴a=1.∴直線方程為x+y-1=0.所以這樣的直線有2條,選B.答案:B4.若點(diǎn)P(3,m)在過點(diǎn)A(2,-1),B(-3,4)的直線上,則m= . 解析:由兩點(diǎn)式方程得,過A,B兩點(diǎn)的直線方程為(y"-(-" 1")" )/(4"-(-" 1")" )=(x"-" 2)/("-" 3"-" 2),即x+y-1=0.又點(diǎn)P(3,m)在直線AB上,所以3+m-1=0,得m=-2.答案:-2 5.直線ax+by=1(ab≠0)與兩坐標(biāo)軸圍成的三角形的面積是 . 解析:直線在兩坐標(biāo)軸上的截距分別為1/a 與 1/b,所以直線與坐標(biāo)軸圍成的三角形面積為1/(2"|" ab"|" ).答案:1/(2"|" ab"|" )6.已知三角形的三個(gè)頂點(diǎn)A(0,4),B(-2,6),C(-8,0).(1)求三角形三邊所在直線的方程;(2)求AC邊上的垂直平分線的方程.解析(1)直線AB的方程為y-46-4=x-0-2-0,整理得x+y-4=0;直線BC的方程為y-06-0=x+8-2+8,整理得x-y+8=0;由截距式可知,直線AC的方程為x-8+y4=1,整理得x-2y+8=0.(2)線段AC的中點(diǎn)為D(-4,2),直線AC的斜率為12,則AC邊上的垂直平分線的斜率為-2,所以AC邊的垂直平分線的方程為y-2=-2(x+4),整理得2x+y+6=0.
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