
The Internet celebrity Gao Yifeng. Years ago, he owned 5 companies and the staffs over 1,000, but during the economy crisis, he became nothing but debt. He was so worried that his hair became white overnight. There was a time when he wanted to killed himself. But after listening to the song Start Over by Liu Huan, he decided to cheer himself up. He started a steamed bun shop and gradually became a national chain shops. Now he became successful again.Walter Haddon said, “Music is the medicine of a troubled mind.” Music contains such a pleasant and inspiring force. Music gave him courage and bravery. When he listened to the song, it made his spirit fly like a kite in the wind. Music gave him strength and brought him relief. It was the rock I leant on to become strong and to get through those hard times. I hope none of us have to go through the same kind of suffering that he did. At the same time, we all go through various periods when we feel sad or alone. During those times, music can help us in the same way that it helped him. I hope we all will somehow begin to treasure music and make it a part of our life. Thank you for your listening !5.Revise your writing each other.Does he/she explain how music has changed his/her/someone else’s life?Are some of the rhetorical devices included and used properly ?Does he/she talk about how music makes him/her/someone feel?Is the first word in each sentences capitalised?Does he/she use correct punctuation ?

(4)Now we have heard a number of outstanding speeches ... 我們已經(jīng)聆聽了許多精彩的發(fā)言……(5)Because we wanted the nations of the world, working together, to deal with ... 因?yàn)槲覀兿M澜绺鲊鴪F(tuán)結(jié)起來去應(yīng)對……(6)And if we do not act ... 如果我們不采取行動……(7)Now, I share the concerns that have been expressed ... 我也同意對于……表達(dá)的擔(dān)心(8)Let us show the world that by working together we can ... 讓我們告訴全世界,通過一起努力我們可以……(9)It is now time for us to ... 是時候我們……(10)And I have always wished that ... 我一直希望……(11)Thank you for letting me share this day with me.感謝你們和我共度這一天。實(shí)踐演練:假如你是高中生李華,你校將舉辦一次以“音樂”為主題的演講比賽,請你按照主題,寫下你的演講稿。注意:詞數(shù)100左右。First of all, thank you for listening to my speech. My topic is: love music like love yourself.Music is like the air we need to maintain our normal lives around us. You can't imagine how terrible a world without music would be. Movies and TV shows have no music, only dry conversations and scenes; mobile phones only vibrations; streets only noisy crowds; cafes, western restaurants only depressed meals. What a terrible world it is!As a student, I hope we all can enjoy the fun brought by music in our spare time. Instead of just listening to music, we can even make our own music. Let's enjoy the fun of music!Thanks again for your attention!

全班齊讀第五段內(nèi)容。請一位同學(xué)分析,接著讓這位同學(xué)按他分析的讀一遍。3、4兩自然段的平緩之后,第5段作者的情感再次抬升。為了滿足這種情感的張揚(yáng),作一口氣連用了四個排比句式“現(xiàn)在是……時候”,一方面這是情感發(fā)泄的需要,另一方面這種排山倒海的語勢也加強(qiáng)了內(nèi)容的表達(dá),極強(qiáng)地突出了現(xiàn)實(shí)為自由、平等而戰(zhàn)的重要性。四、學(xué)會演講我們剛才細(xì)讀了課文,但讀和講是有區(qū)別的。所謂演講,是一門語言藝術(shù),它的主要形式是“講”,即運(yùn)用有聲語言并追求言辭的表現(xiàn)力和聲音的感染力;同時還要輔之以“演”,即運(yùn)用面部表情、手勢動作、身體姿態(tài)乃至一切可以理解的態(tài)勢語言,使講話“藝術(shù)化”起來,從而產(chǎn)生一種非凡的藝術(shù)魅力。那么,接下來就假設(shè)一下假如你是馬丁·路德·金,你會怎樣去講這篇演講辭。

【本課小結(jié)】本課主要講述了古代中國土地制度的發(fā)展情況。明清的資本主義萌芽,是中國封建社會內(nèi)部產(chǎn)生的新生事物。但資本主義萌芽受到的封建王朝“重農(nóng)抑商”和“閉關(guān)鎖國”政策的阻礙。正是這種“閉關(guān)鎖國”與“重農(nóng)抑商”政策相結(jié)合,導(dǎo)致了資本主義萌芽的緩慢發(fā)展,并使中國與世隔絕,不能及時學(xué)習(xí)西方先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù),使中國落后于世界潮流,從而埋下了日后落后挨打的禍根?!局悄苡?xùn)練】閱讀下列材料:材料一自耕農(nóng)是封建國家直接剝削的對象。為了保證賦稅、徭役的供應(yīng),封建國家歷來關(guān)注這一階層的存在?!胺€(wěn)定小農(nóng)”是封建王朝長治久安的良策,每一個新王朝建立時,對此尤為關(guān)注。他們總是采取鼓勵墾荒等政策,積極培植自耕農(nóng)。誠然,自耕農(nóng)這一階層是很不穩(wěn)定的,經(jīng)常分化。

The theme of this unit is human and nature, focusing on the theme of wildlife protection. Nature is a complex ecosystem, in which there are delicate balance between animals and plants. Because of the role of the food chain, the extinction of one species will produce influence, causing a series of chain reaction. Large scale extinction of species will have a serious and even irreversible impact on the ecosystem, resulting in immeasurable losses. Therefore, it is of great significance to protect wild species. To protect wild species is to protect human beings themselves. The motto of this unit is "when the buying stops, the killing can too,” which is a public service advertising slogan to protect wildlife. It tells people that every rhinoceros horn, every fur, every bowl of shark fin soup, every Ivory product, and every tiger bone product, etc. consumed by human beings, are innocent wild animals slaughtered behind them. The mission of wild aid is to ban illegal trade in endangered wildlife and mitigate climate change. It aims to educate the public to reduce the consumption demand for endangered wildlife products through public publicity and improve the awareness of environmental protection.1. Improve the awareness of wildlife protection by acquiring the knowledge of wildlife protection.2. Focus on environmental protection and protection of all lives.3. Analysis of the living environment of wild animals with appropriate thinking mode.4. Skillfully use the vocabulary and grammar knowledge of this unit to cultivate self-study ability according to the unit content5. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion and other ways1. Enable the Ss to talk about the current situation of wild animals.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.

Step 5 Practice一、完成下列句子。1. Judy and I _______________(把車停下來(park))in an underground car Park near Trafalgar Square, where we could ______________________(讓我們的車充電(charge)).2. When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it ___________ that there were no audio guides____________(留下,剩下).3. We__________________________(發(fā)現(xiàn)自己對...很驚訝)the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.4. Judy ____________________(眼神專注于) Van Gogh’s Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.5. She ____________________(把這幅畫的復(fù)制品裝箱(box)) to ensure that it was delivered safely.答案:1.had our car parked get our car battery charged 2. announced left 3. found ourselves very surprised 4. had her eyes fixed on 5. had a copy of the painting boxed二、用過去分詞對下列句子進(jìn)行改寫。1. Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look amazing.2. Carl and his friend stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.3. The family’s ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War.4. The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness. They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill.答案:1. Loch Ness surrounded by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.2. Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them homemade bread with butter and honey.3. The family’s ancestors once attended to wounded soldiers in the First World War.4. The young people attracted by the legend of Loch Ness watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars positioned on the hill.

Listening and Speaking introduces the topic of “Take part in a youth project”. The listening text is an interview about "sharing views on historical sites". Through listening to a dialogue between Chinese and foreign students on the way to the Confucius Temple, students can understand their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts, so as to realize and think about the profound influence of Confucius and his thoughts on Chinese historical tradition. At the same time, the dialogue naturally integrates English idioms and mentions Shakespeare, the British playwright, so as to provide language materials and context for students to understand English idioms and related cultural allusions, as well as to compare Chinese and foreign cultures, which is helpful for students to understand and express the language such as history, tradition, culture and custom significant impact.Text analysis: listening text is a dialogue between a British student and a Chinese student when he goes to the Confucius Temple. When William, a British student, visited the Confucius Temple, he asked Xiao Kong, a Chinese student, for directions. Xiao Kong was just going to the Confucius Temple to meet with the members of the research group, so they went together and exchanged their views on the Confucius Temple, Confucius, Confucius' descendants and Confucius' educational thoughts. From the perspective of foreign tourists, this paper describes their thoughts on Confucius, the great son of Confucius, who had a profound impact on Chinese history and cultural tradition, and his education.Listening and Talking introduces a visit to a historic tourist destination. Tourism is a common way to understand a country's history, culture, and customs and so on. Students listen to the dialogue between Xiao Yan, a youth hostel Usher, and Paul, a backpacker, to learn about Pingyao's famous historical and cultural attractions and Paul's travel experience and experience as a foreign tourist.

This lesson is about music. Students can classify the types of music through the instruments and its sound and can talk about their preferences about music, even join some activities and play a role in them according to their musical talents. On the basis, they are guided to use the languages to express their preferences and some plosive sounds and their rules.1. Classify the music types through the instruments and its sound.2. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons; talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and the rules.4. Join some activities and play a role in them according to the talents. 1. Listen and understand what the speakers’ preferences are and the reasons;2. talk about their own preferences and give their own reasons, using these sentences: “What kind of music do you like? And why? “ “Because it makes/gives me energy/peaceful.../touches my heart...”.3. Learn some plosives and incomplete plosives and its rules.Step 1 Lead inPoint at the pictures on P50 and ask Q1: What are the people doing in the pictures below?Q2: What kind of music they are?Then play the MP3s one by oneStep 2 ListeningTask 1: A reporter from the school newspaper is interviewing students about music. Listen to the interviews. Draw lines between the words to make complete sentences. Some words will not be used.

1、知識與能力:(1)識記:20 世紀(jì) 50 ~70 年代國家干預(yù)經(jīng)濟(jì)的政策、 70年代的經(jīng)濟(jì)“滯脹”“混合經(jīng)濟(jì)”;福利國家;第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展;“新經(jīng)濟(jì)”的出現(xiàn);(2)理解當(dāng)代資本主義的新變化的實(shí)質(zhì)是資本主義的自我揚(yáng)棄,是在資本主義內(nèi)部的自我改善,是資本主義生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的自我調(diào)整;(3)掌握以美國為代表的主要資本主義國家在戰(zhàn)后的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展歷程,分析各國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的共同原因。2、過程與方法:(1)引導(dǎo)學(xué)生利用教材和相關(guān)史料,培養(yǎng)歸納、再現(xiàn)歷史事件的能力,提高學(xué)生的歷史思維能力;通過討論提高學(xué)生的思辨能力,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生全面客觀地分析問題的思維方式。(2)學(xué)生通過觀察1977年發(fā)達(dá)國家國有經(jīng)濟(jì)比重表,懂得提取有效信息、分析數(shù)據(jù)的能力;(3)學(xué)生通過思考討論西方福利制度的利弊,培養(yǎng)全面、客觀分析和比較歷史現(xiàn)象,辯證地觀察和分析歷史問題的能力。

【教學(xué)方法】本節(jié)課的教學(xué)知識點(diǎn)比較瑣碎,學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)和理解起來有較大的困難。教師在并結(jié)合教材中所引的文獻(xiàn)資料給予必要的點(diǎn)撥,并依據(jù)教材,并在此基礎(chǔ)上拓展教材引用有關(guān)材料,擴(kuò)展學(xué)生的思維,用思考題的形式,有機(jī)地將教材的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)知識串聯(lián)起來,注意培養(yǎng)學(xué)生史論結(jié)合、論從史出的良好的歷史學(xué)習(xí)品質(zhì)?!緦?dǎo)入新課】秦始皇統(tǒng)一中國后,繼承了商鞅變法的成果和實(shí)踐了韓非子的理論,創(chuàng)立了封建專制主義中央集權(quán)的政治制度,即皇帝制、中央官制和郡縣制,把專制主義的決策方式和中央集權(quán)的政治制度有機(jī)結(jié)合起來。秦始皇首創(chuàng)的專制主義中央集權(quán)的政治體制為我國延續(xù)兩千多年的封建社會選擇了政治體制的基本模式。西漢王朝建立后,劉邦承襲了秦始皇所開創(chuàng)的統(tǒng)一的封建專制主義中央集權(quán)制。通過綜合概述上節(jié)課內(nèi)容,導(dǎo)入新課。

在經(jīng)濟(jì)水平較高、工業(yè)地域規(guī)模較大的地區(qū),其發(fā)展?jié)摿瓦h(yuǎn)不一樣,如鋼鐵工業(yè)。鋼鐵工業(yè)的生產(chǎn)過程比較復(fù)雜(如課本圖5.31),需要有相互接近的工廠,不僅包括從事鋼鐵生產(chǎn)各道工序的工廠,如燒結(jié)廠、焦化廠、煉鐵廠、煉鋼廠、軋鋼廠,還包括與鋼鐵生產(chǎn)有聯(lián)系的工廠,如氧氣廠、機(jī)修廠、發(fā)電廠、水泥廠等,總共可達(dá)20~30個工廠。這些工廠集 聚,設(shè)備大,管線長,占地多。因此,這樣形成的工業(yè)地域(鋼鐵工業(yè)區(qū))面積廣,發(fā)育程度高,發(fā)展?jié)摿Υ?。這類工業(yè)地域 再加上為方便眾多工人生活所配置的服務(wù)業(yè)和其他工業(yè),在發(fā)展過程中,往往由于工業(yè)地域的擴(kuò)展而形成工業(yè)城市。例如,我國的鞍山(“鋼都”)、攀枝花、馬鞍山、包頭(“草原鋼城”)等鋼鐵工業(yè)城市的形成。除此之外,石油化工區(qū)、機(jī)械制造工業(yè)區(qū)等屬于發(fā)育程度高的工業(yè)地域,也往往擴(kuò)展而形成工業(yè)城市。例如,我國的石油城大慶、克拉瑪依,汽車城十堰等。

生:環(huán)境承載力是指環(huán)境能持續(xù)供養(yǎng)的人口數(shù)量。師:對了。但是有同學(xué)仍然會感到這是一個很抽象的概念。下面我們具體來了解什么是環(huán)境承載力。我們可以從兩個部分去理解:一、環(huán)境,它主要是指環(huán)境的單個要素(如:土地、水、氣候、植被等。)及其組合方式。二、是承載力,它指在特定的條件下,具體某事物能承受的某種活動的最大值。那環(huán)境承載力的科學(xué)定義是怎樣表達(dá)的呢?生:環(huán)境承載力是指某一時期,某種狀態(tài)條件下,某地區(qū)環(huán)境所能承受的人類活動作用的閾值。師:很對。 我們可以用一個生動的例子來說明。一只木桶里面的水的多少在底面積固定不變的情況下是由哪塊木板來決定?生:最短的那塊。師:確實(shí)如此。這就是我們平常所講的 “木桶效應(yīng)”。那影響環(huán)境承載力的大小也是由環(huán)境個要素里面最緊缺的那個要素來決定的。下面我們用一個例子來印證一下。

一、 教學(xué)目標(biāo) (一)知識與能力通過了解多極化趨勢和對世界的影響、歐盟的形成和擴(kuò)展、日本成為經(jīng)濟(jì)大國的過程和原因、中國和第三世界的崛起等基本史實(shí),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生綜合探究和歸納知識的能力(二)過程與方法以合作學(xué)習(xí)的“創(chuàng)設(shè)情境—目標(biāo)顯示—自學(xué)嘗試—合作學(xué)習(xí)—成果匯報—總結(jié)評價”模式為主線,以學(xué)生自主探究活動為主體,以教師點(diǎn)撥為主導(dǎo),以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的興趣和能力為中心,來優(yōu)化課堂教學(xué)。教師創(chuàng)設(shè)重大國際事件的情境,讓學(xué)生親自探索各個主要國家對朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭和伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭立場和態(tài)度的決策,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生解讀歷史信息能力,并能夠根據(jù)自身的實(shí)際情況和外部環(huán)境,正確應(yīng)對重大事件。 (三)情感態(tài)度與價值觀提高學(xué)生對二戰(zhàn)后美蘇兩極以外的各種政治經(jīng)濟(jì)力量增長的認(rèn)識,初步理解世界多極化趨勢的形成及影響,樹立世界走向多極化是不可阻擋的歷史潮流的價值判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

【教學(xué)設(shè)計】一、教學(xué)目的:1、引導(dǎo)學(xué)生關(guān)注生活,向生活學(xué)習(xí)語言。2、了解新詞新語,能正確評價和運(yùn)用新詞新語。二、教學(xué)重難點(diǎn):1、重點(diǎn):認(rèn)識并評價新詞新語。2、難點(diǎn):如何評價新詞新語三、教學(xué)用時:一課時四、教學(xué)過程預(yù)設(shè)(一)導(dǎo)入新課以前如果有人說我可愛,我會很高興:我還是有優(yōu)點(diǎn)的哦?,F(xiàn)在如果有人說我可愛,我就會心里嘀咕了:這是什么意思呀?同學(xué)們知道這有什么意思嗎?(可愛=可憐沒人愛)如果大家留心就會發(fā)現(xiàn),類似這樣的詞語很多,在網(wǎng)上是特別流行,很新穎、獨(dú)特,誰來列舉幾個?(點(diǎn)評學(xué)生所列舉出的詞語)網(wǎng)絡(luò)上有新詞新語,其它媒體(如報刊、電視等)都有新詞新語。關(guān)于新詞新語的概念,一般認(rèn)為,新近創(chuàng)造出來的詞語,或是舊詞新用,這樣的詞語就叫新詞新語。

1. 課前觀看視頻《物理學(xué)與人類文明》2. 分組討論,派代表發(fā)言,談學(xué)習(xí)感受。主要是物理的地位,物理的學(xué)習(xí)方法。3. 高中物理與初中物理在內(nèi)容和方法上的區(qū)別高中物理除了現(xiàn)象、概念和規(guī)律之外還應(yīng)該關(guān)注研究問題的方法,學(xué)會從先想到抽象,從定性到定量研究問題,學(xué)會用數(shù)學(xué)方法解決物理問題,學(xué)會實(shí)驗(yàn)探究,學(xué)會獨(dú)立分析問題解決問題的思維習(xí)慣。4. 高中物理學(xué)習(xí)的基本要求高中物理學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)該“重視實(shí)驗(yàn),勤于思考”和“經(jīng)歷過程,體驗(yàn)方法”。高中物理學(xué)習(xí)與初中物理學(xué)習(xí)雖然有一定區(qū)別,但也不是孤立的,要繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持初中物理學(xué)習(xí)中積累的學(xué)習(xí)方法和體會,重視從正反兩個方面加以總結(jié)和提煉,做到:(1) 認(rèn)真閱讀,學(xué)會自學(xué)要學(xué)好物理,就要認(rèn)真閱讀課本。閱讀課本是要抓住關(guān)鍵詞語,弄清語句間的邏輯順序和因果關(guān)系,領(lǐng)會文章段落所表達(dá)的物理內(nèi)容,掌握課本敘述物理問題的表達(dá)方法。

八、物理學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)地位及物理學(xué)對人類文明、社會進(jìn)步的影響。(1) 情景一:磁懸浮實(shí)驗(yàn):找兩個空心的圓柱片磁鐵,同名磁極相對,穿在同一根竹筷上,用手壓下上面的磁鐵,松手觀察它的運(yùn)動情況。問題1:上面的磁鐵為什么會跳起來,為什么會懸浮在下面的磁鐵上方?問題2:根據(jù)這個實(shí)驗(yàn),你會想到那一種交通工具?總結(jié):人們就是從磁懸浮現(xiàn)象中得到啟發(fā),進(jìn)行磁懸浮列車的研究和制造的,這說明物理學(xué)在推動社會進(jìn)步、人類文明方面起到推動作用。(2) 情景二:感應(yīng)起電和火花放電實(shí)驗(yàn):用感應(yīng)起電機(jī)或感應(yīng)圈產(chǎn)生火花放電,讓學(xué)生觀察現(xiàn)象,聞氣味,然后聯(lián)想生活實(shí)例。還可以用一張紙?jiān)囍鴵踝》烹姷幕」?,最好能引燃紙張,說明雷擊引起火災(zāi)的現(xiàn)象。問題1:你看、聽到了什么現(xiàn)象?問題2:根據(jù)這個實(shí)驗(yàn),你會想到那一種自然現(xiàn)象?問題3:放電發(fā)生在什么地方?為什么建筑物上方都有尖尖的設(shè)置,是干什么用的?問題4:你聞到什么氣味了嗎?

1.澳大利亞混合農(nóng)業(yè)地域在生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)、經(jīng)營方式、科技應(yīng)用、農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)化和地域化等方面有哪些特點(diǎn)?2.在澳大利亞混合農(nóng)業(yè)地 域形成的過程中,有哪些區(qū)位因素在起作用?學(xué)生發(fā)言,教師適當(dāng)引導(dǎo)、評點(diǎn)并作講解。[教師提問]:那么,澳大利亞的墨累—達(dá)令盆地的區(qū)位因素有什么不足之處?知識拓展:課件展示澳大利亞大分水嶺的雨影效應(yīng)的形成原理及東水西調(diào)示意圖。[教師講解]:澳大利亞東南部受大分水嶺的影響,降水集中于大分水嶺的東側(cè),在其西側(cè)形成山地的雨影效應(yīng),降水豐富地區(qū)與農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)地區(qū)分布不一致,灌溉成為澳大利亞農(nóng)牧業(yè)發(fā)展的限制性條件。因此,澳大利亞對水利工程建設(shè)很 重視,東水西調(diào)促進(jìn)了墨累—達(dá)令盆地農(nóng)牧業(yè)的發(fā)展。[課堂小結(jié)]:這節(jié)課我們學(xué)習(xí)了農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)位選擇的基本原理。 通過學(xué)習(xí)我們了解到,農(nóng)業(yè)的區(qū)位選擇實(shí)質(zhì)上就是對農(nóng)業(yè)土地的合理利用。

3、城鎮(zhèn)人口的比重大幅度提高,工農(nóng)差別、城鄉(xiāng)差別、地區(qū)差別擴(kuò)大的趨勢逐步扭轉(zhuǎn)請同學(xué)們閱讀下面材料,結(jié)合剛才列舉的實(shí)例,思考它說明什么問題?2000年我國農(nóng)村小康總體實(shí)現(xiàn)程度在93%左右,城鄉(xiāng)收入差距在3:1以上。1999年西部地區(qū)小康實(shí)現(xiàn)程度為84.18%,中部和東部地區(qū)為93.18%、97.86%,人均GDP最高的上海市突破4000美元,最低的貴州省只有300多美元。4、社會保障體系比較健全,社會就業(yè)比較充分,家庭財產(chǎn)普遍提高,人民過上更加富足的生活教師活動:請同學(xué)們閱讀教材102頁虛框內(nèi)材料,思考所提問題學(xué)生活動:積極思考,討論發(fā)言。教師總結(jié):說明我國的社會保障體系逐步完善,但是城鎮(zhèn)居民保障水平較高,農(nóng)村社會保障水平還比較低。這與我國的國情是不相適應(yīng)的,因此,本世紀(jì)初20年,要不斷健全、完善社會保障體系,集中力量發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì),降低失業(yè)率,提高城鄉(xiāng)居民文化教育娛樂等消費(fèi)比例,讓人民的吃穿住行達(dá)到更高水平的小康。三、小康社會的建設(shè)特點(diǎn)和要求

一、知識與技能1、知道伽利略的理想實(shí)驗(yàn)及其主要推理過程和推論,知道理想實(shí)驗(yàn)是科學(xué)研究的重要方法2、理解牛頓第一定律的內(nèi)容及意義;理解力和運(yùn)動的關(guān)系,知道物體的運(yùn)動不需要力來維持。3、理解慣性的概念,知道質(zhì)量是慣性大小的量度;會用慣性解釋一些現(xiàn)象。二、過程與方法1、觀察生活中的慣性現(xiàn)象,了解力和運(yùn)動的關(guān)系2、通過實(shí)驗(yàn)加深對牛頓第一定律的理解3、理解理想實(shí)驗(yàn)是科學(xué)研究的重要方法三、情感態(tài)度與價值觀1、通過伽利略和亞里士多德對力和運(yùn)動關(guān)系的不同認(rèn)識,了解人類認(rèn)識事物本質(zhì)的曲折性2、感悟科學(xué)是人類進(jìn)步的不竭動力[教學(xué)重點(diǎn)]1、理解力和運(yùn)動的關(guān)系2、對牛頓第一定律和慣性的正確理解3、理想實(shí)驗(yàn)[教學(xué)難點(diǎn)]1、力和運(yùn)動的關(guān)系2、慣性和質(zhì)量的關(guān)系

1.這節(jié)課以實(shí)驗(yàn)為依據(jù),采用控制變量的方法進(jìn)行研究。這一方法今后在電學(xué)、熱學(xué)的研究中還要用到。我們根據(jù)已掌握的知識設(shè)計實(shí)驗(yàn)、探索規(guī)律是物體研究的重要方法。2.定義力的單位“牛頓”使得k=1,得到牛頓第二定律的簡單形式F=ma。使用簡捷的數(shù)學(xué)語言表達(dá)物理規(guī)律是物理學(xué)的特征之一,但應(yīng)知道它所對應(yīng)的文字內(nèi)容和意義。3.牛頓第二定律概括了運(yùn)動和力的關(guān)系。物體所受合外力恒定,其加速度恒定;合外力為零,加速度為零。即合外力決定了加速度,而加速度影響著物體的運(yùn)動情況。因此,牛頓第二定律是把前兩章力和物體的運(yùn)動構(gòu)成一個整體,其中的紐帶就是加速度。四、評價方案及說明1、對科學(xué)知識與技能的評價要注重科學(xué)內(nèi)容的理解與應(yīng)用,而不是單純記憶。技能的評價目標(biāo)包括觀察技能、實(shí)驗(yàn)技能等方面。對科學(xué)的技能的評價要盡量融合在科學(xué)探究過程的情景中。對科學(xué)知識的評價主要從兩方面,一是根據(jù)學(xué)生診斷性練習(xí);二是通過學(xué)生作業(yè)反映學(xué)生掌握情況。
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