
材料一 昔武王克商,光有天下,其兄弟之國者十有五人,姬姓之國者四十人,皆舉親也?!蹲髠鳌凡牧隙? 這位新皇帝開始將早先在本國取得輝煌成功的法家學(xué)說應(yīng)用到全中國?!瓕V闊的國土劃分為若干郡縣,每一郡縣都配備一批由中央政府任命,并向中央政府負(fù)責(zé)的官員。——斯塔夫里阿諾斯《全球通史》(1)材料一、材料二分別反映了中國古代的哪一政治制度?(4分)(2)上述兩種政治制度有何顯著區(qū)別?(4分)

材料一 社會大動蕩、大變革催生了一場歷時三百多年之久的跨世紀(jì)大辯論,儒墨爭雄,儒道爭鋒,儒法爭用……展現(xiàn)出無窮的魅力。這場大辯論,留下了那么多寶貴的思想文化遺產(chǎn),讓我們受益至今?!字刑臁断惹刂T子文化》(1)根據(jù)材料一并結(jié)合所學(xué)知識,概括這場歷時“三百多年之久的世紀(jì)大辯論”發(fā)生的歷史 背景。(4分)

【古代篇】材料一 春秋以前,土地屬于國家所有。春秋以來,由于鐵農(nóng)具和牛耕的使用和推廣,大量荒地被開墾出來,一些奴隸主將新開墾出來的田地變成私產(chǎn)并出租……----摘自人教版教材《中國歷史》(七年級上冊)(1)面對上述變化,商鞅在變法時采取了怎樣的措施?(1分)材料二 元世祖即位之初就發(fā)布詔令:"國以民為本,民以求食為本,衣食以農(nóng)桑為本。”---《元史·食貨志》(2)材料中的詔令表明了元世祖治理國家的什么態(tài)度?(1分)元世祖為此采取了哪些具體的措施?(1分)

材料一 在清兵入關(guān)的同時,英國的議會和國王之間在國王征稅的權(quán)力問題上,發(fā)生了嚴(yán)重的沖突。議會民軍在克倫威爾領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,擊敗了皇家軍隊,而且以議會審判,判決將國王查理一世送上斷頭臺……英國的這次革命,開啟了新的國家體制。 ——許倬云著《中西文明的對照》 材料二 它的設(shè)立與雍正初清廷向西北用兵有密切關(guān)系……它所承辦的均為軍國大政,且有人事咨詢權(quán)……但是,它又只起承旨、草詔、代發(fā)的作用,類似皇帝的秘書班子。 ——中國社會科學(xué)院歷史研究所編《簡明中國歷史讀本》

材料一 2015年夏,香港推出“漢武盛世:帝國的鞏固和對外交流”大型漢代文物展,讓觀眾近距離欣賞逾160組珍貴文物。展覽以漢帝國崛起為重心,共設(shè)有“漢帝國的鞏固和擴張”、“漢代社會生活”和“漢代的科技、文化與中西交通”三個主題。(1)漢武帝時帝國最為強盛。列舉漢武帝時期“漢帝國的鞏固和擴張”的兩項措施。(2分)

材料一1868年4月,日本天皇率領(lǐng)群臣宣讀“五條誓文”,決心勵精圖治,銳意改革……改革的動力是西化……英國模式自然作為鐵路、電信、公共建筑和市政工程、紡織工業(yè)以及許多商業(yè)方面的模范;法國模式用來改革法制、軍事;大學(xué)歸功于美國?!曰舨妓辊U姆《資本的年代》材料二美國第32任總統(tǒng)羅斯福說:“作為一個國家,我們拒絕了徹底的革命計劃,為了永遠(yuǎn)地糾正我們經(jīng)濟制度中的嚴(yán)重缺點,我們依靠的是舊的民主秩序的新應(yīng)用?!?/p>

材料一 2016年4月24日,“華光礁1號沉船特展”在南京博物院開展,吸引了眾多觀眾前來參觀?!叭A光礁1號”是我國考古工作者在西沙群島的遠(yuǎn)海地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)的第一艘古船.該船是一艘南宋商船,800多年前在航行到西沙華光礁時不幸觸礁沉沒。——摘編自2016年4月25日人民網(wǎng)材料二 據(jù)考證,“華光礁1號”當(dāng)時是從福建泉州港出發(fā),船貨均為南宋外銷瓷器,最終在西沙群島沉沒。這意味著,沉船行駛在向西的“海上絲綢之路”航線上,前往東南亞甚至更遠(yuǎn)的地方。專家認(rèn)為,“華光礁1號”古沉船遺址及出土文物,記載著古代中國與周邊國家友好往來的歷史,標(biāo)志著中國人開創(chuàng)了“全球經(jīng)濟一體化”的先河,促進了世界文明的發(fā)展。——摘編自2016年4月25日中國新聞網(wǎng)(1)根據(jù)材料寫出這艘“商船”原定的航行路線。(2分)當(dāng)時這艘船使用的先進導(dǎo)航工具應(yīng)該是什么?(2分)(2)結(jié)合圖9與相關(guān)內(nèi)容,指出這艘沉船的出土文物主要是什么物品?(1分)請寫出這些物品的著名產(chǎn)地之一。(1分)當(dāng)時政府在港口設(shè)立的外貿(mào)管理部門是什么?(2分)(3)材料中的“海上絲調(diào)之路”最早開辟于哪個朝代?(2分)這條航線的開辟有何重大歷史意義?(2分)

媽媽19歲嫁給爸爸。外婆生育了6個孩子,還領(lǐng)養(yǎng)了一個,但媽媽是唯一的女兒,在那個年代,雖然說不上能享受到多少寵愛,但至少沒有遭受過任何對女性的輕慢,媽媽甚至還念到初中畢業(yè),字寫得比我還好,能自由閱讀文學(xué)作品。

Choose the best choice fromA to F to finish the dialogue. You have one more answer. Each choice should beused only once.A: Hello, I’m a schoolnewspaper reporter. May I ask you some questions?B: ____46____

Once, herfather took her to the kitchen. He asked Jane to take a potato, an egg ____11____ two spoons of tea leaves. Jane was ____12____, andasked her father, “Do you want me to cook?”

Flying kites Kites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made ofwood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the three most famous kites are the Beijingkite, Tianjin kite, and Weifang kite. And they are quite different from eachother. For example, the swallow-shaped kite is a well-known Beijing style.

Excitedly, he went to draw water(抽水), ___15___ he couldn’t pump water no matter how hard hetried. He sat on the ground ___16___.Just at that time, he saw a small bottle with a cork(瓶塞).

There wasa stone lying in the mountains for a long time. He had a dream—one day he couldfly up into the sky ___11___ a bird. When he told his dream to his friends,they all laughed at him.

Zu Ti was a great man of Jin Dynasty. He was ____16____ for his hard work andgreat achievements. But when he was a child, he was a naughty (頑皮的)boy who showed little ____17____ inreading. As he grew up, Zu Ti ____18____ hedidn’t have enough knowledge.

ThreeRiver-Source National Park on the Qinghai-TibetPlateau(青藏高原),is the largest national park in China. Because it is home to the sources of theYangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers, people call it “China’s water tower”.

Remember that it’s better to fail than it’s togive up, and the key is to learn from your failure(失敗). But along withdifficulties, there will also be ____18____ wonderful waiting for you.

I often hear some students say English isdifficult, so they can’t learn it well. ___11___ English is very easy for me. I’m good ___12___ it. I’m very glad to tell you ___13___ about how I study English.

Bike-to-Work Day is held every year across North America on thethird Friday of May. It was started by the League of American Bicyclistsin 1956. Its aim is to promote (促進) the bicycle as a serious choice of getting toand from work. In today’s world where global warming is a serious issue, thebicycle is a perfect way of reducing our carbon (碳) footprint.

FIFA World Cup is one of the biggest sportsevents in the world. It ___11___every 4 years. The first World Cup was in 1930. It has a history of over 90years. During the World Cup, ___12___fans watch the games and cheer for their favorite teams or players.

The December day started like any other. Papacame back with his boat full of fish. Mama made breakfast for the family.Seven-year-old Joonas was doing his homework, while his two little brothers ranaround the yard. That day seemed peaceful, but Alejo ____16____ better.
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