-
人教版高中政治必修4用聯(lián)系的觀點(diǎn)看問(wèn)題說(shuō)課稿
2、系統(tǒng)的基本特征系統(tǒng)觀念為人們把握復(fù)雜事物提供了一系列科學(xué)方法和原則。第一，整體性原則。第二，有序性原則。第三，優(yōu)化原則。學(xué)生的興趣被激發(fā)，可以再調(diào)起高潮，讓學(xué)生聽一首歌曲，三個(gè)和尚挑水，讓學(xué)生從愉快的歌聲中，明白一個(gè)道理：“三個(gè)和尚沒水喝”，導(dǎo)致這一結(jié)果的根本原因就在于人數(shù)雖然多了，但沒有形成合理的結(jié)構(gòu)，不是相互支持，相互促進(jìn)，而是相互制肘、相互消磨，結(jié)果各要素的力量或作用被內(nèi)耗了，出現(xiàn)了1＋1＜2的效應(yīng)。所以，就要求我們一定要做到：3、掌握系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化的方法的要求（1）著眼于事物的整體性；遵循系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的有序性；注重系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化趨向。（2）用綜合的思維方式來(lái)認(rèn)識(shí)事物鞏固練習(xí)：以鞏固知識(shí)為基礎(chǔ)，培養(yǎng)能力為目標(biāo)。
人教版高中政治必修4社會(huì)發(fā)展的規(guī)律說(shuō)課稿（一）
學(xué)生回答：推動(dòng)社會(huì)發(fā)展的矛盾是：生產(chǎn)力和生產(chǎn)關(guān)系的矛盾，經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)和上層建筑的矛盾。問(wèn)題：你知道人類社會(huì)存在和發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)嗎？學(xué)生回答，步步深入。社會(huì)發(fā)展的規(guī)律是生產(chǎn)關(guān)系一定要適合生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展的規(guī)律，上層建筑一定要適合經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)狀況的規(guī)律。你是如何理解這兩個(gè)規(guī)律的？請(qǐng)舉例說(shuō)明。那么你是如何理解這一規(guī)律的，請(qǐng)舉例說(shuō)明學(xué)生閱讀教材第二目，并舉例說(shuō)明。培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自我學(xué)習(xí)能力。教師歸納：總結(jié)生產(chǎn)力和生產(chǎn)關(guān)系、經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)和上層建筑的辯證關(guān)系原理。過(guò)渡：我們掌握了社會(huì)發(fā)展的規(guī)律，那么同學(xué)們來(lái)說(shuō)一下，社會(huì)發(fā)展呈什么趨勢(shì)？這一趨勢(shì)怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)的？社會(huì)矛盾的解決方式有幾種，為什么會(huì)有這么的區(qū)別，我們國(guó)家的矛盾解決靠什么方式來(lái)完成？學(xué)生閱讀教材第三目,學(xué)生分組合作探究，交流發(fā)言。設(shè)計(jì)意圖：提升推導(dǎo)能力，引導(dǎo)深化認(rèn)識(shí)。教師歸納總結(jié)：社會(huì)歷史發(fā)展的總趨勢(shì)是前進(jìn)的、上升的，發(fā)展的過(guò)程是曲折的。
人教版高中地理必修1第一章第三節(jié)地球的運(yùn)動(dòng)說(shuō)課稿
（一）教材的地位與作用“地球的運(yùn)動(dòng)”是地理環(huán)境的形成以及地理環(huán)境各要素運(yùn)動(dòng)變化的基礎(chǔ)，因而也是高中階段地理學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)?！暗厍蚬D(zhuǎn)與季節(jié)”是在介紹完“地球運(yùn)動(dòng)的一般特點(diǎn)”和“地球自轉(zhuǎn)與時(shí)差”之后進(jìn)行的；（二）教學(xué)目標(biāo)(1)知識(shí)與技能目標(biāo)：1.掌握全球各緯度晝夜長(zhǎng)短和正午太陽(yáng)高度變化的規(guī)律；2.懂得運(yùn)用地球運(yùn)動(dòng)的有關(guān)知識(shí)解釋生活現(xiàn)象和分析實(shí)際問(wèn)題。(2)過(guò)程與方法目標(biāo)：1.通過(guò)前后關(guān)聯(lián)知識(shí)點(diǎn)層層遞進(jìn)的學(xué)習(xí)，讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用相關(guān)圖表來(lái)分析地理問(wèn)題，并能理論和實(shí)際相結(jié)合綜合分析和解決問(wèn)題。（加強(qiáng)對(duì)圖表分析能力的培養(yǎng)，是地理學(xué)科的突出特點(diǎn)。）(3)情感、態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀目標(biāo)：1.使學(xué)生初步了解地球上許多地理現(xiàn)象都同地球的運(yùn)動(dòng)有關(guān)，從而對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行唯物主義教育，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生熱愛科學(xué)和勇于探索的精神。
人教版高中地理必修1第三章第一節(jié)自然界的水循環(huán)說(shuō)課稿
二、說(shuō)學(xué)情學(xué)生對(duì)自然界中的水循環(huán)已具有一定的生活體驗(yàn)和知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)，主要問(wèn)題是學(xué)生還未上升到理性的層面上進(jìn)行分析，而且自然界的水循環(huán)屬于全球尺度和大尺度的地理現(xiàn)象，學(xué)生難以理解，需要教師創(chuàng)設(shè)適當(dāng)?shù)那榫骋龑?dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行新知的建構(gòu)。三、說(shuō)教法（1）創(chuàng)設(shè)情景：教學(xué)實(shí)踐證明，合理有趣的情境創(chuàng)設(shè)，可以引導(dǎo)學(xué)生快速進(jìn)入角色，提高課堂效率（2）討論法：通過(guò)組織學(xué)生討論，給學(xué)生提供自主學(xué)習(xí)、合作學(xué)習(xí)、探究學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。（3）多媒體演示法：利用多媒體播放一些直觀的圖片、動(dòng)畫和數(shù)字資料，把學(xué)生輕松得引入本課，通過(guò)形象生動(dòng)直觀地展現(xiàn)相關(guān)地理事物和現(xiàn)象，提高學(xué)生的感性認(rèn)識(shí)，激發(fā)興奮點(diǎn)，幫助他們理解課本內(nèi)容。四、說(shuō)學(xué)法（1）學(xué)會(huì)用圖：讓學(xué)生仔細(xì)觀察圖3.2和圖3.3理解水循環(huán)的相關(guān)性（2）學(xué)會(huì)探究：學(xué)生思考分析總結(jié)水循環(huán)的地理意義及黃河斷流的原因。
人教版高中地理必修1第五章第一節(jié)自然地理環(huán)境的整體性說(shuō)課稿
學(xué)生已學(xué)習(xí)水循環(huán)和巖石圈物質(zhì)循環(huán)，對(duì)地理環(huán)境要素有初步的認(rèn)識(shí)，對(duì)物質(zhì)遷移和能量的交換有一定的了解，已具備基本的地理閱讀分析、提取信息的能力。但學(xué)生還缺乏綜合分析問(wèn)題解決問(wèn)題的能力，通過(guò)案例來(lái)幫助學(xué)生對(duì)自然地理環(huán)境整體性的認(rèn)識(shí)，還需要補(bǔ)充光合作用、分解作用等知識(shí)，并進(jìn)一步培養(yǎng)學(xué)生綜合分析地理問(wèn)題的能力。三、說(shuō)教法案例教學(xué)、啟發(fā)式講授四、說(shuō)學(xué)法學(xué)生原有的地理基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)不扎實(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)地理方法簡(jiǎn)單；但學(xué)生思維活躍，有強(qiáng)烈的求知欲，所以在學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中，老師應(yīng)充分利用這一點(diǎn)，調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的積極性，激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。學(xué)案導(dǎo)學(xué)法；合作探究法；案例分析法等，自主學(xué)習(xí)、合作學(xué)習(xí)，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)的能力、團(tuán)隊(duì)精神，增強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)效果；體會(huì)自然地理環(huán)境的整體性和復(fù)雜性，將學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)內(nèi)化到行動(dòng)上。
人教版高中地理必修3荒漠化的防治—以我國(guó)西北地區(qū)為例說(shuō)課稿
（設(shè)計(jì)意圖： 通過(guò)這兩個(gè)問(wèn)題探究的形式可以了解學(xué)生對(duì)二、干旱為主的自然特征這一知識(shí)點(diǎn)的掌握情況，隨堂練習(xí)有利于鞏固強(qiáng)化學(xué)生的條例性知識(shí)。）三、荒漠化的成因1、自然因素：干旱、氣候異常2、人為因素：（是荒漠化發(fā)生、發(fā)展的決定因素）自然原因啟發(fā)學(xué)生利用已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)（干旱為主的自然特征）和給出的PPT資料來(lái)進(jìn)行分析。人為原因以其危害結(jié)果用圖表和圖片的形式展示，使學(xué)生認(rèn)識(shí)到人為因素是導(dǎo)致荒漠化最主要的因素。（設(shè)計(jì)意圖：通過(guò)分析自然因素提供學(xué)生分析一區(qū)域環(huán)境建設(shè)的自然基礎(chǔ)條件，而這也是較難的一點(diǎn)，再者，通過(guò)分析人為原因，是學(xué)生樹立區(qū)域生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)意識(shí)。）四、布置作業(yè)：書本課本20—22的活動(dòng)—— 非洲薩赫勒地區(qū)荒漠化的自然、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)
人教版高中地理必修2第四章第三節(jié)傳統(tǒng)工業(yè)區(qū)與新工業(yè)區(qū)說(shuō)課稿
下面是對(duì)以高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)為主的新工業(yè)區(qū)的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行講解，教材以美國(guó)“硅谷”為例，首先談的是高技術(shù)工業(yè)的特點(diǎn)，然后講述的是“硅谷”的發(fā)展條件，由于教學(xué)模式與意大利新工業(yè)區(qū)的內(nèi)容基本一致，這里就不再贅述了。接下來(lái)教材中提到的與之對(duì)照的案例同樣是以高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)而聞名的中關(guān)村，由于中關(guān)村在國(guó)內(nèi)的知名度較高，一般學(xué)生都有所了解，因此不妨讓學(xué)生談?wù)勛约旱目捶ǎ簩?duì)于高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展有何建議，相對(duì)于發(fā)展較為成功的“硅谷”我們需要學(xué)習(xí)的方面又是哪些？案例中最后一個(gè)問(wèn)題很值得深省，我國(guó)的新工業(yè)區(qū)到底怎樣做才能夠獲得成功，簡(jiǎn)單的模仿下我們?nèi)鄙俚挠质鞘裁?？這個(gè)問(wèn)題可以作為拓展，讓學(xué)生寫一篇簡(jiǎn)短的論文作為課后作業(yè)。最后做以簡(jiǎn)單的課堂小結(jié)。本節(jié)內(nèi)容的教學(xué)可能會(huì)相對(duì)繁雜，而案例之間的分析過(guò)程又過(guò)于雷同，所以難免枯燥。在處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題上，我將盡量做到詳略得當(dāng)，主要培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自主學(xué)習(xí)能力。
人教版高中政治必修4樹立創(chuàng)新意識(shí)是唯物辯證法的要求說(shuō)課稿（二）
一、教材分析（一）說(shuō)本框題的地位與作用《樹立創(chuàng)新意識(shí)是唯物辯證法的要求》是人教版教材高二《生活與哲學(xué)》第三單元第十課的第一框題，該部分的內(nèi)容實(shí)質(zhì)上是在闡述辯證法的革命批判精神和否定之否定規(guī)律。是第三單元思想方法與創(chuàng)新意識(shí)》的重點(diǎn)和核心之一。學(xué)好這部分的知識(shí)對(duì)于學(xué)生進(jìn)一步理解辯證法的思維方法，樹立創(chuàng)新意識(shí)起著重要的作用。（二）說(shuō)教學(xué)目標(biāo)根據(jù)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和課改精神，在教學(xué)中確定如下三維目標(biāo)：1、知識(shí)目標(biāo)：辯證否定觀的內(nèi)涵,辯證法的本質(zhì)。辯證否定是自我否定,辯證否定觀與書本知識(shí)和權(quán)威思想的關(guān)系,辯證法的革命批判精神與創(chuàng)新意識(shí)的關(guān)系,分析辯證否定的實(shí)質(zhì)是"揚(yáng)棄",是既肯定又否定;既克服又保留。深刻理解辯證法的革命批判精神,分析為什么辯證法的革命批判精神同創(chuàng)新意識(shí)息息相關(guān)。
人教版高中地理必修2第三章第二節(jié)以種植業(yè)為主的農(nóng)業(yè)地域類型說(shuō)課稿
本節(jié)課標(biāo)解讀：1.說(shuō)明以種植業(yè)為主的農(nóng)業(yè)地域類型的形成條件及特點(diǎn)；2.說(shuō)出商品谷物農(nóng)業(yè)的分布范圍，說(shuō)明商品谷物農(nóng)業(yè)的形成條件及特點(diǎn)。內(nèi)容地位與作用：農(nóng)業(yè)是受自然環(huán)境影響最大的產(chǎn)業(yè)。農(nóng)業(yè)是發(fā)展歷史最悠久的產(chǎn)業(yè)，隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步，社會(huì)環(huán)境對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)的影響越來(lái)越大。以季風(fēng)水田農(nóng)業(yè)為主的農(nóng)業(yè)地域類型，主要體現(xiàn)自然環(huán)境對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)地域形成的影響；商品谷物農(nóng)業(yè)則體現(xiàn)了社會(huì)環(huán)境對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)地域形成的影響。本節(jié)內(nèi)容包括兩部分內(nèi)容，一個(gè)是季風(fēng)水田農(nóng)業(yè)，主要分布在亞洲季風(fēng)區(qū)；一個(gè)是商品谷物農(nóng)業(yè)，主要分布在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家。教材文字內(nèi)容不多，配備了大量的地圖和景觀圖。因此，在教學(xué)過(guò)程中要充分組織學(xué)生查閱地圖，挖掘地理信息，培養(yǎng)分析能力。分析農(nóng)業(yè)區(qū)位因素時(shí)，必須從自然因素和社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)因素兩個(gè)方面去分析，找出優(yōu)勢(shì)區(qū)位因素來(lái)。
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations-Reading for writing教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)二
Step 3 Analyzing article structureActivity 31. Teachers raise questions to guide students to analyze the chapter structure of this diary and think about how to describe the festival experience. (1)What should be included in the opening/body/closing paragraph(s)?(2)How did the writer arrange his/her ideas?(3)What kind of interesting details did the writer describe?(4)How did the writer describe his/her feelings/emotions during the event?2. Students read and compare the three sentence patterns in activity 2. Try to rewrite the first paragraph of the diary with these three sentence patterns. After that, students exchange corrections with their partners. Such as:●This was my first time spending three days experiencing the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and it was an enjoyable and exciting experience. ●I'll never forget my experience at the Naadam Festival because it was my first time to watch the exciting Mongolian games of horse racing, wrestling, and archery so closely. ●I'll always remember my first experience at the Naadam Festival in China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region because it was so amazing to spend three days witnessing a grand Mongolian ceremony. Step 4 Accumulation of statementsActivity 41. Ask the students to read the diary again. Look for sentences that express feelings and emotions, especially those with the -ing form and the past participle. Such as:● …h(huán)orse racing, wrestling, and archery, which are all so exciting to watch. ● some amazing performances● I was surprised to see…● I was a little worried about. . . ● feeling really tiredOther emotional statements:●I absolutely enjoyed the archery, too, but the horse races were my favourite part. ●I'm finally back home now, feeling really tired, but celebrating Naadam with my friend was totally worth it. ●He invited me back for the winter to stay in a traditional Mongolian tent and cat hot pot. I can’t wait!2. In addition to the use of the -ing form and the past participle, the teacher should guide the students in the appreciation of these statements, ask them to memorize them, and encourage them to use them reasonably in writing practice.
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 5 The Value of Money-Reading for Writing教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)二
2. 您能看到, 我頭發(fā)太長(zhǎng)了。You can see that my hair is much too long.3. 無(wú)論什么時(shí)候, 只要您想回來(lái)就回來(lái)。Please come back whenever you want.4. 您僅有很少的頭發(fā)要理! You only have too little hair to cut !5. 為您服務(wù)是我的榮幸！It is my honour to serve you!Step 9 Writing(Henry is walking down the street when he sees a sign for a place that cuts hair. He decides to have it cut. )H=Henry B=BarberH: Good afternoon, I’d like to have my hair cut, if I may. (The barber looks at Henry’s hair and continues cutting another man’s hair. ) Er, I’d really like a haircut. As you can see it’s much too long. B: (in a rude manner) Yes, I can see that. Indeed, I can. H: Fine, well, I’ll have a seat then. (He sits in one of the barber’s chairs. The barber turns to look at Henry. )B: It’s quite expensive here, you know! Are you sure you can afford it?H: Yes. I think so. (After his hair is cut, the barber tells Henry how much he must pay. Henry shows the barber the bank note. )B: Why Mr. . . (looks shocked)H: Adams. Henry Adams. I’m sorry. I don’t have any change. B: Please don’t worry! (wearing a big smile) Nothing to worry about! Nothing at all! Please come back whenever you want, even if you only have too little hair to cut! It will be my honour to serve you!Step 10 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1. Are all the elements of a play included and in good order ?2. Do the character use suitable language ?3. Are the stage directions clear and useful ?4. Is the plot clear and exciting enough ?
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Listening&Speaking＆Talking教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)二
The themes of this part are “Talk about how to become an astronaut” and “Talk about life in space”. As Neil Armstrong said “Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the basis of man’s desire to understand. Space is difficult for human to reach, therefore, humans are full of wonders about it. However, if wanting to achieve the dream of reaching the Moon, some of our human should work hard to be an astronaut at first. Part A(Talk about how to become an astronaut) is a radio interview in a radio studio, where the host asked the Chinese astronauts about his story how to become an astronaut. Yang Liwei told his dreamed to be an astronaut since childhood. Then he worked hard to get into college at 22. The next 10 years, he gradually became an experienced pilot. At the same time, to be an astronaut, he had to study hard English, science and astronomy and trained hard to keep in good physical and mental health and to practise using space equipment. Part B (Talk about life in space) is also an interview with the astronaut Brown, who is back on the earth. The host Max asked about his space life, such as his emotion about going back the earth, the eating, shower, brushing, hobbies and his work. Part A and Part B are interviews. So expressing curiosity about the guests’ past life is a communicative skill, which students should be guided to learn.1. Students can get detailed information about how Yang Liwei became an astronaut and Max’s space life.2. Students learn to proper listening strategy to get detailed information---listening for numbers and taking notes.3. Students can learn related sentences or phrases to express their curiosity like “ I wish to know...” “I’d love to know...”4. Students can learn more about the space and astronauts, even be interested in working hard to be an astronaut
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading and Thinking教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)二
The theme of this unit focuses on “space exploration.” Students will learn about the training and experience needed to become an astronaut. The text is mainly about the development of space exploration. On the one hand, the text helps students to have a good understanding about the great feats humans have achieved, on the other hand, they will further understand the contributions that we Chinese have achieved, and feel confident and proud about our homeland and strengthen their love for our country. The teacher should instruct students to aim high and study harder to make great progress in the space career if possible.1. Read about the development and value of space exploration.2. Explore the mysteries of the universe and the achievements in space exploration.3. Skillfully use the vocabulary of this text to cultivate self-study ability 4. Develop cooperative learning ability through discussion.1. Enable the Ss to talk about the development and value of space exploration.2. Guide the Ss to summarize the main idea of each paragraph as well as the main idea of the text.3. Help Ss comprehend the main reasons for space exploration. Multi-media, textbook, notebooks.Step 1: Warming up and predictionLook at the title and the pictures of the text and predict what the text will be about?2. What are the main reasons for space exploration?
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 4 Space Exploration-Reading for Writing教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)二
⑦在我看來(lái), 探索太空是值得的。As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space.Step 10 Writing---draftRecently, students in our class have had heated a discussion on whether space is worth exploring. Students hold different ideas about it.30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile. They think space is too far away from us and our daily life and is a waste of money. And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.On the other hand，70% think space is worth exploring because we have benefited a lot from it，such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast. What’s more，with further space research，we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day. Also，space research will enable us to find new sources to solve the problem of energy shortages on the earth.As far as I am concerned, it is worthwhile to explore the space. Not only can it promote the development of society but also enrich our life. Step 11 Pair workExchange drafts with a partner. Use this checklist to help your partner revise his/her draft.1.Does the writer explain why he/she changed/wanted to change?2.Does the writer tell how the changes have improved or will improve his/her life?3.Is the text well－organised?4.Does the writer use words and expressions to show similarities and differences?5.Are there any grammar or spelling errors?6.Does the writer use correct punctuation？
新人教版高中英語(yǔ)必修3Unit 5 The value of money-Reading and Thinking教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)二
? Could you offer me some kind of work here?? I don’t want your charity, I just want an honest job.? Careless: I landed in Britain by accident.Step 7:Consolidation.? Find Henry? Roderick and Oliver were I .making a bet when they saw Henry, a poor young man. ? Know Henry? About a month ago, Henry was sailing and later he found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind. Fortunately, he 2.was spotted by a ship. And it was the ship that brought him to 3.England? Offer money to Henry ? Oliver and Roderick gave Henry a letter and told him that there was money in it. They 4.persuaded him to accept it, and made him 5.promise that it wouldn't be opened until 2 o'clock.Step 8：Language pointsa large amount of: a large quantity of; a great deal ofe.g. They bought a large amount of furniture before they moved their new house.make a bet: make an arrangement to risk money, etc. on an event of which the result is doubtful.e.g. We made a bet on the result of the match.permit sb to do something: allow somebody to do somethinge.g. My mother doesn’t permit me to ride in the street after it rained.by accident: as a result of chancee.g. I only found it by accident.stare at: look at somebody or something with the eyes wide open in a fixed gaze( in astonishment, wonder, fear, etc)to be honest: to tell you the truth; to be franke.g. To be honest, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.Step7 Homework:What do you think will happen to Henry? Will the bank-note help him or get him into trouble?
人教版新課標(biāo)高中地理必修2第一章第二節(jié)人口的空間變化教案
1．促使美國(guó)成為一個(gè)移民國(guó)家的因素是：①美洲屬于未開發(fā)的新大陸，需要大量的勞動(dòng)力；②歐洲失業(yè)工人和破產(chǎn)農(nóng)民增加，人們?yōu)榱俗非蟾玫慕?jīng)濟(jì)待遇遷往美洲；③新航線的開辟為人們順利遷移掃除了障礙；④殖民擴(kuò)張是人口遷移的促進(jìn)因素，加快了人口遷移的過(guò)程。導(dǎo)致美國(guó)人口在本土范圍內(nèi)頻繁遷移的原因，歸納起來(lái)有：第一次人口遷移是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)因素，第二次是城市化；第三次是自然環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境的變化；第四次是經(jīng)濟(jì)格局的變化，即西部和南部新資源的發(fā)現(xiàn)和新興工業(yè)的發(fā)展。2．我國(guó)古代的人口遷移，深受統(tǒng)治者及其行政力量的束縛。封建帝王為了加強(qiáng)本國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)和軍事實(shí)力，對(duì)人口遷移嚴(yán)加控制。只有當(dāng)戰(zhàn)亂發(fā)生的時(shí)候，這種控制才得到削弱，人們?yōu)榱硕惚軕?zhàn)亂，尋找安定的生活環(huán)境，不得不進(jìn)行大規(guī)模的遷移。我國(guó)近幾十年的人口遷移主要是由生產(chǎn)資料和勞動(dòng)力數(shù)量上的地區(qū)分布不平衡造成的，是經(jīng)濟(jì)因素在起主導(dǎo)作用，與古代的人口遷移截然不同。
人教版高中政治必修4第十二課實(shí)現(xiàn)人生的價(jià)值教案
有的學(xué)者還指出，要堅(jiān)持集體主義還必須將集體主義的價(jià)值精神與社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的要求結(jié)合起來(lái)，批判地繼承計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代倡導(dǎo)的集體主義，合理地對(duì)其進(jìn)行體系結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整和內(nèi)容的更新，形成新的集體主義。與傳統(tǒng)的集體主義相比，這種新的集體主義應(yīng)具有如下兩個(gè)主要特點(diǎn)。其一，強(qiáng)調(diào)集體的出發(fā)點(diǎn)是為了維護(hù)集體成員的正當(dāng)個(gè)人利益。傳統(tǒng)的集體主義具有片面強(qiáng)調(diào)集體至上性、絕對(duì)性的弊端；新的集體主義必須依據(jù)社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的現(xiàn)實(shí)要求，將集體應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)個(gè)人承擔(dān)的義務(wù)加以科學(xué)的闡釋。真正的集體應(yīng)該維護(hù)各個(gè)集體成員的個(gè)人利益，實(shí)現(xiàn)組成集體的各個(gè)主體的自我價(jià)值。這種新型的集體主義是對(duì)社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下社會(huì)關(guān)系的真實(shí)反映，既與個(gè)人主義有本質(zhì)區(qū)別，也不同于傳統(tǒng)的集體主義。其二，要體現(xiàn)道德要求的先進(jìn)性與廣泛性的統(tǒng)一。
人教版高中政治必修4第二課百舸爭(zhēng)流的思想教案
不可知論是否認(rèn)人們認(rèn)識(shí)世界或徹底改造世界的可能性的哲學(xué)學(xué)說(shuō)。此概念首先由英國(guó)的赫胥黎(1825—1895)于1869年提出，不可知論的思想在古代就已產(chǎn)生，歐洲近代的主要代表是休謨和康德。其本質(zhì)是把人的感覺看作是主觀和客觀之間的屏障而不是橋梁，不承認(rèn)在感覺之外有確實(shí)可靠的客觀外部世界的存在，不懂得認(rèn)識(shí)過(guò)程中本質(zhì)與現(xiàn)象、有限與無(wú)限的辯證關(guān)系。對(duì)不可知論最有力的駁斥是實(shí)踐。有時(shí)不可知論一詞也用以專指針對(duì)宗教教義而提出的一種學(xué)說(shuō)，認(rèn)為上帝是否存在、靈魂是否不朽是不可知的。2．二元論二元論是認(rèn)為世界有兩個(gè)本原的哲學(xué)學(xué)說(shuō)，與一元論相對(duì)立，它把物質(zhì)和意識(shí)絕對(duì)對(duì)立起來(lái)，認(rèn)為物質(zhì)和意識(shí)是兩個(gè)各自獨(dú)立、相互平行發(fā)展著的實(shí)體，誰(shuí)也不產(chǎn)生誰(shuí)，誰(shuí)也不決定誰(shuí)，都是世界的本原。它的觀點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的：它肯定精神不依賴于物質(zhì)而獨(dú)立存在，這本身就是唯心主義的觀點(diǎn)；它雖然承認(rèn)物質(zhì)是獨(dú)立的本原，但在說(shuō)明物質(zhì)和精神的關(guān)系時(shí)，又把精神說(shuō)成是唯一具有能動(dòng)性的力量，必然倒向唯心主義。主要代表人物是法國(guó)的笛卡兒和德國(guó)的康德。
人教版高中政治必修4第二課百舸爭(zhēng)流的思想精品教案
7、人總是按照自己對(duì)周圍世界和人生的理解做事。有人認(rèn)為命由天定，因而身處困境只是消極等待、逆來(lái)順受；有人認(rèn)為人定勝天，因而在困難面前積極奮爭(zhēng)、不屈不撓。以上材料說(shuō)明（ ）A哲學(xué)源于人們對(duì)實(shí)踐的追問(wèn)和對(duì)世界的思考B世界觀決定方法論，方法論體現(xiàn)著世界觀C哲學(xué)不等于自發(fā)的世界觀D哲學(xué)是關(guān)于世界觀的學(xué)說(shuō)8、世界觀和方法論的關(guān)系是（）A世界觀和方法論相互決定B方法論決定世界觀，世界觀體現(xiàn)方法論 C世界觀決定方法論，方法論體現(xiàn)世界觀 D世界觀和方法論相互影響，相互決定9、下列關(guān)于哲學(xué)、世界觀、具體知識(shí)之間聯(lián)系的正確說(shuō)法是（）A哲學(xué)是關(guān)于世界觀和具體知識(shí)的統(tǒng)一B哲學(xué)就是科學(xué)的世界觀和具體知識(shí)C哲學(xué)是關(guān)于世界觀的學(xué)說(shuō)，是具體知識(shí)的概括和總結(jié)D哲學(xué)決定世界觀，世界觀決定具體知識(shí)10、下列對(duì)哲學(xué)的認(rèn)識(shí)，不正確的是（）A哲學(xué)是關(guān)于世界觀的學(xué)說(shuō)B哲學(xué)是世界觀和方法論的統(tǒng)一C哲學(xué)是理論化、系統(tǒng)化、科學(xué)化的世界觀D哲學(xué)是對(duì)具體知識(shí)的概括和總結(jié)
人教版新課標(biāo)高中地理必修2第四章第二節(jié)工業(yè)地域的形成教案
在經(jīng)濟(jì)水平較高、工業(yè)地域規(guī)模較大的地區(qū)，其發(fā)展?jié)摿瓦h(yuǎn)不一樣，如鋼鐵工業(yè)。鋼鐵工業(yè)的生產(chǎn)過(guò)程比較復(fù)雜(如課本圖5.31)，需要有相互接近的工廠，不僅包括從事鋼鐵生產(chǎn)各道工序的工廠，如燒結(jié)廠、焦化廠、煉鐵廠、煉鋼廠、軋鋼廠，還包括與鋼鐵生產(chǎn)有聯(lián)系的工廠，如氧氣廠、機(jī)修廠、發(fā)電廠、水泥廠等，總共可達(dá)20～30個(gè)工廠。這些工廠集 聚，設(shè)備大，管線長(zhǎng)，占地多。因此，這樣形成的工業(yè)地域(鋼鐵工業(yè)區(qū))面積廣，發(fā)育程度高，發(fā)展?jié)摿Υ?。這類工業(yè)地域 再加上為方便眾多工人生活所配置的服務(wù)業(yè)和其他工業(yè)，在發(fā)展過(guò)程中，往往由于工業(yè)地域的擴(kuò)展而形成工業(yè)城市。例如，我國(guó)的鞍山(“鋼都”)、攀枝花、馬鞍山、包頭(“草原鋼城”)等鋼鐵工業(yè)城市的形成。除此之外，石油化工區(qū)、機(jī)械制造工業(yè)區(qū)等屬于發(fā)育程度高的工業(yè)地域，也往往擴(kuò)展而形成工業(yè)城市。例如，我國(guó)的石油城大慶、克拉瑪依，汽車城十堰等。
