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九年級上冊道德與法治追求民主價值作業(yè)設計
【設計意圖】 本題難易程度上屬于容易類別， 考查學生對書本核心知識的理解， 引導 學生重視教材，夯實基礎知識。尤其在社會主義人民民主的形式和公民參與民主生活 的形式兩個易混點上加以區(qū)分辨別，從宏觀和微觀兩個層面認識社會主義民主。3. (原創(chuàng)) 新冠肺炎疫情發(fā)生以來， 安徽省全面開展審批服務 “網(wǎng)上辦”“掌上辦”“郵 寄辦”“預約辦”等政務服務方式，讓群眾不出門，讓數(shù)據(jù)多跑路。這些政務服務方式體現(xiàn)出 ( )①發(fā)展民主需要反映人民的民主愿望 ②人民群眾享有的民主權利越來越多③社會主義不斷發(fā)展，民主也愈發(fā)展 ④社會主義民主保障人民的根本利益A.①②③ B. ①②④ C.①③④ D.②③④【參考答案】 C【設計意圖】 本題難易程度上屬于中等類別， 圍繞“新冠疫情”以來安徽省政務服 務方式的變革，以“看得見”的文字考察對民主的認識，以“看不見”的宣傳，傳遞 民主的聲音。同時，結合民主實踐為人們生活帶來的改善，使學生體會到我國社會主 義民主的優(yōu)越性，增強政治認同，堅定對民主價值的追求。
國旗下的講話：《為了心中的價值——勇往直前》
國旗下的講話：《為了心中的價值——勇往直前》親愛的老師們、同學們：大家早上好！我是高XX級10班的xxx。首先我想問在場的朋友們幾個問題：大家認識貝克漢姆或者梅西嗎？大家喜歡看世界杯嗎？那為什么有這么多的朋友為足球如此著迷呢？到底是什么讓我們瘋狂愛上足球這項運動呢？今天就讓我們來探討這一問題，所以我講話的主題是《為了心中的價值——勇往直前》本屆足球市運會已經在前天落下了帷幕。而我們遂中足球隊的好男兒，也一路過關斬將，成功打進四強。在此，我提議，讓我們以最熱烈的掌聲向他們表示衷心的祝賀與感謝！當大家為他們所取得的成績而祝賀的時候，是否又知道比賽背后的種種感動呢？第一場比賽，上天偏偏和我們的隊員開了一個玩笑。在點球大戰(zhàn)時，我們的球隊因一球之差，輸給了大英。比賽結束時，大家都很失落，然后他們很快振作了起來，一起總結經驗、研究戰(zhàn)術，在第二天的兩場比賽中，兩戰(zhàn)告捷。在周六對陣本屆市運會最強隊伍遂寧二中省運隊的時候，即使是面對如此強大的對手，也沒有一個人退縮，他們依然肩并著肩大聲喊出了他們的誓言：我們是遂中足球隊！我們有信心！我遂中男兒的堅持與信念也贏得了在場所有人的尊重。
高中物理人教版必修一《彈力》說課稿
二、學情分析：學生目前對形變和彈力有一定的感性認識但是不夠深入；知道支持力、壓力都是彈力，但是不能夠概括產生的原因。理性思維還沒有達到一定的層次，要想理解彈力這一抽象概念還有一定困難。因此我采取引導、啟發(fā)的教學方式。
人教版高中語文必修3《老人與?！氛f課稿2篇
3、重要語句的理解“可是一個人并不是生來要給打敗的，你盡可把它消滅掉，可就是打不敗他?！苯馕觯哼@是老人第一次回合之后的內心獨白，也是此小說的核心精神，充分體現(xiàn)了老人桑地亞哥的生命理念。整句話可以分為兩部分來理解，前句告訴我們，人生活在自然與社會當中，必不可少要面臨一些坎坷、磨難，這些磨難、坎坷完全可以造成軀體的消滅、消亡，這是人生命的脆弱性。后句，面對挫折，只要保持一種樂觀的精神，擁有一顆堅強的心靈，那么，人類執(zhí)著奮斗的精神將永不磨滅。4、象征主義題目是《老人與?！?，而表明上，小說是寫一位老人及其在海上的經歷，但實際上，老人的形象極具概括性，他已經超越了一個人的存在，而成為了人生的一種象征。老人桑地亞哥就是“硬漢子”的代表，大海則是生命旅途的象征，鯊魚則是我們行走中的“強物”，厄運的象征。人的一生不可能一帆風順，不經歷風雨，怎能見彩虹，走在人生路途中，不可避免我們都要遇到挫折，被厄運所阻撓，只有經歷與“鯊魚”的較量，才能成為強者，唱出最美的歌。
人教版高中生物必修1細胞的衰老與凋亡說課稿
4、最后從生物的壽命引入，探討細胞的死亡。強調細胞死亡有兩種形式。(1).細胞壞死，它是由某些外界因素造成細胞急速死亡，是一種被動性死亡；(2).細胞凋亡，這是一種由特定基因控制的主動性死亡。細胞壞死與細胞凋亡在形態(tài)學和生物化學上有著明顯的區(qū)別。細胞凋亡有廣泛的生物學意義，比如胚胎發(fā)育期手的發(fā)育如果沒有細胞的調亡就不會有纖細的手指；如果沒有正常的細胞調亡，蝌蚪的尾部就不會消失，它將永遠不能變成青蛙……。正常的細胞調亡還肩負著維持各種組織器官固有體積和形態(tài)的功能；還會使機體內異常的細胞得到及時清除，去處潛在的隱患；例如癌癥就是異常的細胞沒有及時死亡的結果……。因此細胞的正常死亡是生物體的一種非常重要的調節(jié)機制，是機體平衡細胞增殖，調節(jié)機體細胞樹木恒定的方式，是必不可少的生命過程。（15分鐘）5、課堂小結，可以把課堂傳授的知識盡快地轉化為學生的素質；簡單扼要的課堂小結，可使學生更深刻地理解政治理論在實際生活中的應用，并且逐漸地培養(yǎng)學生具有良好的個性。
人教版高中語文必修2《我有一個夢想》說課稿2篇
(2).教學手段為了使我根據(jù)教材而設計的三個教學目標以及重點難點得以的突出和突破,達到最大化的展示境界,同時也為了配合以上我選擇的四種教法得以完滿實現(xiàn),我決定采用“多媒體”教學手段進行全程教學。利用電腦的信息容量大,操作簡便等優(yōu)點,形象生動的直觀展示教學內容,不但提高學習效率和質量,而且容易激發(fā)學生的學習興趣和調動學習的積極性。四、說學法我為學生設計了三個學習方法：1.讓學生學會在探究中學。通過“對黑人嚴酷處境的探究”和對文中重點語句的探究,培養(yǎng)學生在探究中學習的能力。2.讓學生學會在讀中學。通過“誦讀法”指導學生在誦讀過程中感受演講詞內在的魅力,學會在讀中學。3.讓學生學會在練習中學。通過“課外延伸練習法”,對所學的知識進行運用,培養(yǎng)學生的創(chuàng)新和自學能力。
人教版高中語文必修3《錦瑟》說課稿
三、教學目標根據(jù)《錦瑟》詩的地位作用以及學生的實際情況，還有在古詩詞教學方面課程標準的相關要求，現(xiàn)確定以下“三維教學目標”：（一）知識與技能目標：感受體悟古典詩歌的意境美，發(fā)揮合理的主觀能動性進行創(chuàng)新性的閱讀鑒賞，正確認識意象在詩歌意境中的重要作用。并在上述的基礎上提高鑒賞能力和審美情操。（二）過程與方法目標：《錦瑟》詩的講解采用“引導與自我生成”的方法，從老師的引導開始，以學生的研討交流再加之教師的總結結束。利用教師引導和師生互動刺激學生的領悟力，提高學生的認知水平與能力。（三）情感態(tài)度價值觀目標：培養(yǎng)學生在尊重傳統(tǒng)文化的基礎上熱愛祖國自己文化的態(tài)度，讓學生正確認識古典詩詞的精神美。最后在自我感悟中陶冶情操，明心啟智。
人教版高中語文必修2《采薇》說課稿
三、疏通課文，體會情感學生朗讀一至三節(jié)，找出通假字，如“莫”；語助詞如“止”“曰”；古今異義詞如“啟”“居”。以及個別短語如“靡室靡家”“載饑載渴”的結構，結合上《衛(wèi)風·氓》中出現(xiàn)的相同或類似的結構來理解。檢查學生的自學情況，抽查翻譯，糾正錯誤。這三節(jié)都以采薇起筆，讓學生思考課文呢寫了薇菜生長的哪幾種形態(tài)，有什么作用？學生思考。這個問題不難，但學生回答可能不完整，只點到用于表達士卒思歸之情的強烈。老師要補充，用薇菜的生長來反映歸期的推移和不定期，思念之情更加沉重。同時在藝術手法上，同《衛(wèi)風·氓》用“桑葉”來起興一樣，這里也是比興手法，引出下文。另外，戰(zhàn)士們靠野菜來充饑也反映了戰(zhàn)士們生活艱苦，興中有賦。
人教版高中英語必修1Earth quake說課稿
(4)Finally, I will ask the SS what this sentence mean：It is always calm before a storm.Purpose: attract the SS attention and bring them into discussionStep 2: Pre-reading 讀前Here, I will do the second question in pre-reading first. I will use the method of brainstorming to ask the SS what will happen before an earthquake; and list the phenomenon on the table. 2． Then I will show the SS the picture of abnormal phenomenon, at the same time, encourage the SS to describe.3、finally, I will summarize these phenomenon4、Do the first question in the pre-reading , Imaging your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take? Why?Purpose: help the SS to get further understanding of the topic and stimulate their interests.Step3: While-reading 閱讀(1). Skimming Read the text quickly and catch the meaning of the first and second sentence of each paragraph. Predict the meaning of new words(2).scanning(找讀)A. Read the text again. Do the following question.1. When and where were the strange things happening?2. What are they?3. Why did the text say the world seemed to be at an end?4. How was the city destroyed after the quake?5. When did the second quake hit the city? What was the result of that?6. Who came to help Tangshan first? And how?B. Work in pairs to discuss the question.
高中歷史人教版必修一《馬克思主義的誕生》說課稿
一、教學理念在新課改精神指導下，我在本課教學中力求貫徹以下教學理念：新課標的指引觀 、生本位的學生觀、探究式的學習觀、多角色的教師觀、 發(fā)展性的評價觀二、教材地位《馬克思主義的誕生》是人教版必修一第五單元第18課內容，本課講述的是國際共產主義運動范疇的歷史，是人類社會進入一個新的發(fā)展時期。從總體上概述了社會主義從空想到科學，從理論到實踐的歷程。說明了科學社會主義理論是歷史發(fā)展的必然結果。本課在國際工運史上占有重要的地位。通過學習學生可對馬克思主義加深了解，理解人類歷史發(fā)展的必然趨勢以及人類一直不斷追求進步的精神，幫助學生樹立正確的人生觀、價值觀，達到以史鑒今，服務現(xiàn)實的目的。
人教版高中英語必修4Body Language說課稿4篇
Textbook: Senior English for China (Book 4), by Liu Daoyi Time Allotment: 1 period (40 minutes)Date: March 20, 2014Teaching aids: blackboard, Multi-media, Power Point, chalk I. Text Analysis （教材分析）This unit is about body language, and the text selected in the reading part demonstrates the difference and similarity of body language in many parts of the world. Through learning this passage, students are required to raise their awareness of using body language in different parts of the world. As body language is closely related to our daily life, it is easy to arouse students’ interest in learning this text. Reading skills and speaking training are designed around the text.II. Teaching Objectives （教學目標）By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:1. Language Skill Objective（語言技能目標）: develop reading ability （skimming and scanning）as well as speaking ability.2. Cultural Knowledge Objective（文化知識目標）: know about the cultural differences of using body language.3. Affective Objective（情感目標）: increase students’ awareness of using body language correctly in different cultures. III.Teaching Focuses and Difficulties（教學重點和難點）1. Teaching Focuses（教學重點）: the difference and similarity of body language in many parts of the world.2. Teaching Difficulties（教學難點）: develop students’ reading abilities of skimming and scanning and ask the students to show their opinions with fluent English.
人教版高中英語必修4Women of achievement說課稿4篇
Good morning, distinguished judges:It’s my honor to talk about my teaching ideas with you. Today my topic is Women of Achievement. My presentation consists of six parts: the analysis of teaching material and student, teaching aims, key and difficult points, teaching and studying method, teaching procedures and blackboard design.First, let’s focus on the analysis of teaching material. This lesson is from New Senior English for China Student’s Book 4 Unit 1, the reading part. The main topic of the passage is the introduction of a student of Africanwildlife. After this lesson, the students will learn more information about her studying chimps in Africa, and their reading and speaking abilities can be developed as well.The next part is the analysis of students. My students are in senior high students. They have learnt English for many years, they’ve known many words and sentences, but their speaking and reading abilities are still not very good. So I will practice their speaking and reading abilities through different exercises.According to the New Standard Curriculum and the present situation, I set the teaching aims as follows: firstly, knowledge aims. Students can grasp some new words, such as worthwhile, move off. Moreover, students can understand the content of the passage and get familiar with the topic of studying chimps in wildlife. Secondly, ability aims. Students can use reading strategies such as skimming and scanning in reading process. Thirdly, emotional aims. Students can have the awareness of protecting animals and care about animals.Based on the above analysis, the key point of this lesson is to get the main idea and the detailed information from the passage; the difficult point is to talk about the wildlife protection and use reading strategies.
人教版高中英語必修5The United Kingdom說課稿4篇
Teaching Aims:Knowledge 1. Get the students to learn the useful new words and expressions in this section. Aims:2. Let the students learn about how the UK was formed and the four groups of invaders.1. Develop students’ reading ability and let them learn different Ability reading skills. Aims:2. Enable students to learn to talk about the United Kingdom and the Union Jack Emotional 1. Let students know more about the UK2. Develop students’ sense of cooperative learning Aims:Teaching Important Points:1. Let the students learn about the countries of the United Kingdom and the Union Jack2. Get the students to read the passage and know about how the UK was formed and the four groups of invaders.3. Have the students learn different reading skills.Teaching Difficult Ponts:1. Develop students’ reading ability.2. Enable students to talk about the United Kingdom and the Union Jack.3. Let students learn how the UK was formed geographically and historically.Teaching Methods:Showing pictures, asking, exercising, listening, reading etc.Teaching Aids:A computer,a projector and a blackboard.Teaching Procedures: 1) Show a map of the world, ask students the following questions:Where is the UK?What’s the full name of the UK?2) Ask the students work in pairs to do the quiz on Page 9.Do you want to test how many things you know about the United Kingdom? Let’s have a small test.Using the map on P9, students answer the following questions:?How many countries does the UK consist of? What are they??England is divided into three main areas. Do you know what they are? 1) Scanning (10Minutes )Let the students hold the questions asked in pre-reading and read the passagequickly and then let them do the following exercise.Join lines to the right answer.
人教版高中英語必修4A taste of English Humor說課稿3篇
Then I would ask them to think of a funny English or Chinese and tell it to partners. While telling stories, they can use expressions and some acting to help make the story funny. 5 minutes would be given to do this.Those stories they told there will be the material for their writing. Soletting them tell it at first is helpful. And they can make a difference between telling a funny story and writing it down. Generally speaking, it is difficult forstudents to write well because they don’t know what to write and how to write. Asking them to tell their own stories at first can help them come up with what to write.After their telling, I would invite someone to share his/her story with all of us and I would write it down on the blackboard.This example story would be used as a sample to illustrate the format of funny story. Different from a story from teacher or textbook, a story from students can obviously become a interesting material to draw students’ attention.Then I would ask the whole class to put this story into several parts. It might be a little bit difficult for them. So I would ask them to find out whether all the sentences are necessary. After delete some sentences, there are 6 sentences left behind. Then they can easily put them into three parts. After interaction with students, I would teach them the right terms for each part and conclude the format of funny story.This step is the key and difficult point in my lesson. So I mainly usetask-based teaching method in this part and the task for students was divided into several stages. With the separated difficult level, students can find there are usually three parts in writing. They can also learn to write without the unnecessary parts in the process of analyzing. And then I wouldn’t rush to tell them the right terms to them directly. Instead, I would ask them to name them by their own. A confused mind is better for acquiring knowledge.While-writing:Then I would give students 7 minutes to write down this story, without other requirements.With all the preparations in pre-writing, students’ difficulties were cleared. So it would be much easier for them to write down the story within 7 minutes. There are no other requirements because students’ first writing is actually a drafting. It would be revise and edit several times later. Writing, as a skill
人教版高中英語必修4Theme parks說課稿3篇
The oldest and the most popular park in the worldenjoy the exciting activities thereget close to the life-size cartoon characters like Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck Step 3 Pre-reading1.What do you suppose a theme park is ?2.What do you think you can see in a theme park?(1.It is a kind of amusement park which has a certain theme – that the whole park is based on. 2.buildings, castles, statues, rare animals and birds, and so on.) Step 4 Reading ----- Theme Parks –---- Fun and More Than Fun1.Predict : Read the title and the pictures on P. 34 and PredictWhat is the meaning of the title “Theme Park – Fun and more than fun”?(The title means that theme parks are fun to visit, but that they can also be educational and can offer useful information.)2.Skimming Fast read and answer:What activities can we take in a theme park?Amusement park: Bumper car Merry-go-round slide bungee jumping Free-fall rides Horror films Pirate ship Ferris wheel roller coaster3.Scanning Read again and you will find various theme parks are mentioned in the passage . Then what are they ?Theme parks: Sports theme park History theme park Culture theme park Marine or Ocean theme Park Future park Science theme park Disneyland4.Careful reading and find the main idea of each paragraph:THEME PARKS---- entertaining/ educationalPara.1 Traditional parks are places to go for relaxation and to have time away from our busy lives.Para.2 Theme parks are different They’re large and full of things to do, see and buy.Para.3 Theme parks are built around a single idea or theme. One example is a sports park.Para.4 Another kind of theme park is historical more and cultural and can be educational.Para.5 Disneylandwas the first theme park. It is based on the fantasy life and characters of Disney’s films.Para.6 Some examples of educational theme parks include sea world parks and science parks.
人教版高中英語必修3Healthy Eating說課稿4篇
Language learning needs a context, which can help the learners to understand the language and then can product comprehensible output, so computer has the advantages to make the materials attractive.Part 3 Learning MethodsTask-based, self-dependent and cooperative learningPart 4 Teaching ProcedureStep One Lead-in“Interest is the best teacher.” Therefore, at the very beginning of the class, I should spark the students’ mind to focus on the centre topic “the band”. I’ll show some pictures of food to attract their attention and then bring some questions.Question:What kind of food they like?What should go into a good meal?The answers must relate to the diet. After this, the students will be eager to know something about a balance diet and this is the very time to naturally lead the class into Step 2Step 2 Reading for information: skimming and scanning In this step, I use Task-based Language Teaching method, which can give students a clear and specific purpose while skimming and scanning the context.Task 1 General ideaThe students will be asked to just glance at the title and the pictures of the passage, and then guess what they will read in the text. And they’ll be divided into groups of four to have a discussion.The purpose is to inspire the students to read actively, not passively. In addition, the task is to develop the students’ reading skill by making prediction and to encourage the students to express their thoughts in English and cooperate with each other.Task 2 Main idea of each paragraphCooperative learning can raise the students’ interest and create an atmosphere of achievement. Based on this theory, I divide the whole class into 4 groups to skim the whole text and get the main idea of each paragraph.
人教版高中英語必修4Working The Land說課稿3篇
Knowledge objectives:(1) to make Ss grasp the usage of words, expressions and sentence structures: statistics, struggle, thanks to, rid of, some patterns for persuasion, the “ing” form as subject and object;(2)to use learnt knowledge to persuade sb.Ability objectives:(1) to develop Ss’ reading skills(skimming, scanning, word guessing);(2) to improve Ss’ speaking, communicating and cooperating skills.Emotional objectives:to make Ss know the contribution of Yuan,and learn his spirit and his simple life time.Teaching important and difficult points:(1) some words, expressions and sentence structures mentioned above;(2)the content of the text;(3)training their reading and speaking skills.Teaching methods: CLT, TBLT,QT.Learning strategies: CLS, QLS, TBLS.Teaching procedures:Step 1 lead-in: (1) teacher plays a piece of recent news from CCTV about the harvest of the super hybrid rice, and ask students whether they know Yuan or not, and talk about him and his contribution.(2)Brain storm: let Ss describe Yuan in their minds including his appearance, his living condition and so on.Step 2 fast reading tasks:(1)teacher introduces Yuan and super hybrid rice(2)make Ss read the text as fast as possible with questions. Such as: what’s the general ideaof this passage? What’s Yuan’ dream? (skimming and scanning skill)Step 3 intensive reading tasks(1)let Ss read the text silently, find topic sentence of each paragraph and draw the difficult sentences and the knowledge what they don’t understand.(words guessing)(2)teacher and Ss talk about the important words, expressions and sentences together, and ask Ss to retell the content of the text.(summarizing and paraphrasing)(3)teacher summarize this part.(4) read again following the courseware.
人教版高中英語必修5Great scientists說課稿4篇
通過寫文章梗概，培養(yǎng)學生綜合運用語言的能力，學習用恰當?shù)挠⒄Z描述科學家的故事。這是本課的教學難點。教師可以使用完形填空的方式來幫助學生整理語篇，從而來降低難度。本課的教學重點的突破方法是：在閱讀前，讓學生初步了解得出科學觀點所需要的基本程序，從而輕松而自然地導入文章的閱讀；在閱讀過程中，由易到難設計快速閱讀和精讀的問題，層層推進各種閱讀活動，讓學生對閱讀內容從整體感知到細節(jié)理解，最后深層讀懂整篇文章，同時加強閱讀策略的指導，讓每個學生都主動參與課堂教學活動，最終達到提高閱讀能力的目的。Step 4 Post-readingGroup Activities四人小組共同合作，在老師的適當指導下，就以下2個問題展開討論，讓學生就所知、所學、所感和所想融入話題，然后抽若干同學代表作小組發(fā)言。1. What do you think about John Snow, and what should we learn from him?2. Cholera was 19th century disease, which two diseases are similar to cholera today? Why?
人教版高中英語必修5Making the news說課稿4篇
今天我們來介紹一下必修五第四單元的授課方式。這個單元的題目是Making the news。應該是學生比較感興趣的話題，學生往往對新聞工作充滿好奇，所以我們可以利用這個機會多設計一些師生互動和學生互動，來激發(fā)起學習的積極性，提高學習效率。同時我們可以利用這個單元不僅幫助學生掌握語言知識，培養(yǎng)語言能力，同時讓其了解新聞工作的重要性，培養(yǎng)起社會智能感。這個單元分為六個課時，它的教學目標是這樣的：語言目標是掌握詞匯表中的常用單詞和短語，掌握倒裝句的一些基本用法。 技能目標是能初步掌握約會的基本句型并在真實的場景下正確運用。新聞報道類文章的寫作技能。采訪的基本規(guī)范和溝通技能。情感目標是對新聞報道的客觀性和真實性有更好的理解。對新聞記者的職業(yè)有更深入的了解，并能體會其工作的重要性。下面我們來介紹一下第一課時的授課方式，第一課的教學目標是這樣的第一課時的教學目標語言目標:單詞：Occupation, journalist, editor, photographer, curious, personality, enthusiasm
人教版高中英語必修3Canada-the true north說課稿4篇
Good afternoon, teachers, It’s my great pleasure to be here sharing my lesson with you.The content of my lesson is Senior English Book 3 Unit 5 Canada —— “The true North”.I’ll be ready to begin this lesson from five parts. Analysis of the teaching material,the teaching methods,the studying methods, the teaching procedure,and Blackboard design.First, let me talk about the teaching material.Part 1 Teaching Material:This unit is about the introduction of Canada. By studying of this unit,we’ll enable the students to learn the geography, population, main cities, and natural beauty, natural resources of Canada. Through the training of the unit, it also requires students to learn some Language skills such as the expressions of position and emotions.So it plays an important part in the English teaching in this book.After studying the teaching material and analyzing the rule of children’s growing of mind,I think the teaching aims are the followings:1.Knowledge objects:(1) make the students learn some new words and phrases(2) make the students understand the content of the lesson.2.Ability objects:(1)To develop the Ss’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Especially reading and speaking ability.(2) learn to talk about the characters of Canada in English(3)To train the Ss’ ability of working in pairs.3.Emotion objects:(1)Enable students to understand the characters of Canada..(2)Stimulate Ss to work hard to make China stronger.Part 2 Teaching Methods:I think helping students learn to master new words and phrases and improve the students’ reading and speaking ability is import and the difficult.According to the analysis of the teaching material and the import points and the difficult points,I will use the following teaching methods : question-guiding approach; fast-reading and careful reading; multi-media teaching methods; discussion
